PURPOSE To quantify the gain in muscle mobility with progressive release of surrounding connective-tissue structures and to compare this property with the known architecture of each muscle. METHODS Each of 5 different muscle tendon units (extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi radialis longus, flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor digitorum superficialis, pronator teres) was released from its ...

Variations in the extensor compartment of forearm are common and are significant to neurologists, surgeons and anatomists. The present case report describes a well-developed muscle belly medial to the tendons of extensor carpi radialis longus and extensor carpi radialis brevis. Muscle belly is originating from common extensor origin on lateral epicondyle and is inserted to base of third metacar...

Conservative treatment shows favorable results for minimally displaced fractures of the distal radius. A commonly reported complication associated with radius is delayed tendon rupture. The extensor pollicis longus that has most been to be injured in fractures. This report provides a new case rupture carpi radialis and brevis tendons after conservative fracture, along review literature.

Subject-specific musculoskeletal models require accurate values of muscle moment arms. The aim of this study was to compare moment arms of wrist tendons obtained from non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to those obtained from an in vitro experimental approach. MRI was performed on ten upper limb cadaveric specimens to obtain the centrelines for the flexor carpi radialis (FCR), flexor ...

STUDY DESIGN Experimental repeated-measures study. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of different extension forces applied to the palm of the hand on electromyographic (EMG) activity of the wrist extensor muscles during hand gripping. BACKGROUND Lateral epicondylitis is usually caused by repetitive wrist extension that leads to an overuse injury. The current theory is that the process of ...

The purpose of our investigation was to determine if the near infrared spectroscopy technique was sensitive to changes in tissue oxygenation at low levels of isometric contraction in the extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle. Nine subjects were seated with the right arm abducted to 45 degrees, elbow flexed to 85 degrees, forearm pronated 45 degrees, and wrist and forearm supported on an armrest...

BACKGROUND Chronic lateral epicondylitis has been treated with various surgical procedures with varying and often less-than-satisfactory outcomes. HYPOTHESIS The use of suture anchor repair of the extensor carpi radialis brevis to the lateral epicondyle in the treatment of chronic lateral epicondylitis will result in a more anatomical repair, with resultant improvements in strength, pain, and...

We report the incidental discovery of a flexor carpi radialis brevis tendon, a rare anatomical variant identified during a surgical procedure. Magnetic resonance imaging of the contralateral side helped to delineate the anatomy of the flexor carpi radialis tendon and to differentiate the flexor carpi radialis brevis tendon from it. We describe the use of this rare tendon in ligament reconstruct...

OBJECTIVE To detail the progress of a young female amateur golfer who developed chronic left arm pain while playing golf 8 months prior to her first treatment visit. CLINICAL FEATURES Findings included pain slightly distal to the lateral epicondyle of the elbow, decreased grip strength, and positive orthopedic testing. Diagnostic ultrasound showed thickening of the common extensor tendon orig...

The purpose of the study was to determine young male gymnasts’ and swimmers’ knee flexor:extensor (F:E) ratios during isokinetic testing at different velocities. Nine gymnasts (10.3 ± 0.5 years) and 14 swimmers (10.5 ± 0.5 years) participated. Concentric isokinetic peak torque was measured by a Cybex® Norm dynamometer at different angular velocities (60,120, and 180°/ s) during unilateral knee ...