The performance of a speech recognition system is often degraded due to the mismatch between the environments of development and application. One of the major sources that give rises to this mismatch is additive noise. The approaches for handling the problem of additive noise can be divided into three classes: speech enhancement, robust speech feature extraction, and compensation of speech mode...

This paper presents four optimization outcomes for a diesel generator (DG), photovoltaic (PV), and battery hybrid generating radial system, to reduce the network losses achieve optimum generated power with minimum costs. The effectiveness of utilized meta-heuristic algorithms in this (firefly algorithm, particle swarm optimization, genetic surrogate optimization) was compared, considering facto...

Means of cutting down cost feed resources in order to bridge the wide gap between demand and supply animal protein livestock production is a great concern poultry industry. This study was conducted investigate effect feeding diets containing soaked fermented Baobab seed meal (BSM) on growth performance broiler starter chicks. A total 150, one-day old chicks were randomly distributed into five t...

In the event of a DC side fault in modular multilevel converters (MMCs), current contributions are initially made by submodule (SM) capacitor discharge, which occurs before is detected, followed AC contribution to fault. While currents can be regulated using blocking SMs, initial discharge SM capacitors results high currents, take several milliseconds brought under control. This paper presents ...

Hybrid modular multilevel converters (HMMC) address the DC-fault blocking limitations of half-bridge submodules (HB-SMs) standard MMC by combining HB-SMs with full-bridge (FB-SMs). In order to improve overall conversion efficiency, this article proposes two lowloss configurations for HMMC. The main improvement in proposed HMMCs is achieved combination low-loss unipolar and bipolar SMs same arm ...

Increasing the modulation index by utilizing negative voltage states of full-bridge submodules (FBSMs) can greatly reduce capacitor usage modular multilevel converters (MMCs), thereby optimizing cost and volume. The hybrid MMC is composed half-bridge (HBSMs) FBSMs, voltages two types (SMs) have different shapes as long exist. This condition complicates analysis design energy storage requirement...

In a hybrid modular multilevel converter (MMC), capacitor voltage balance between the Full-Bridge Sub-Modules (FBSMs) and Half-Bridge (HBSMs) is only possible when arm currents are bipolar. For grid-connected MMC, operating at unity power factor, this typically achievable modulation index less than 2. Previous control methodologies, based on open-loop feed-forward compensating currents, have be...

AA-LP Anti-aliasing lowpass AC3 Adaptive transform coder 3 ACR Absolute-category rating ADC Analog-to-digital converter ADPCM Adaptive differential pulse-code modulation AEC Acoustic echo cancellation / caneller AIR Acoustic impulse response ALP Adaptive lattice predictor ANC Active noise control or adaptive noise canceller AP Affine projection APC Adaptive predictive coding AR Auto-regressive ...

The present status of the theoretical estimates of the difference between the widths of the neutral Bs-mesons and of the B-meson lifetime ratios is reviewed. In particular, the lattice results for the matrix elements of the relevant ∆B = 2 operators are updated and the first lattice QCD results for the matrix elements of ∆B = 0 operators are presented. In both cases, the NLO perturbative QCD co...