The aim of this study was to develop sustained release microspheres of capsicum oleoresin as an alternative to in-feed additives. Two spray-cooling technologies, a fluidized air bed using a spray nozzle system and a vibrating nozzle system placed on top of a cooling tower, were used to microencapsulate 20% of capsicum oleoresin in a hydrogenated, rapeseed oil matrix. Microencapsulation was inte...

An experimental field study in approximately, one month old, forty eight Jaffrabadi buffalo calves was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of herbal Liver tonic formulations on growth and body weight gain. A significant (P<0.05) increase in body weight gain in groups supplemented with herbal formulations Yakrifit (M/s Ayurvet Ltd. Baddi, India) @ 1 bolus/calf/day, was observed in comparision to ...

We have evaluated the toxicity of four glyphosate (G)-based herbicides in Roundup formulations, from 10(5) times dilutions, on three different human cell types. This dilution level is far below agricultural recommendations and corresponds to low levels of residues in food or feed. The formulations have been compared to G alone and with its main metabolite AMPA or with one known adjuvant of R fo...

The drivers to produce solid solution formulations are reviewed together with specific challenges of implementing extrusion in a pharmaceutical setting. A solvent-based approach to screen formulations with less than 10 mg drug/screen is introduced and validated with experimental data. Process development challenges associated with the use of hygroscopic fine polymer powders are addressed throug...

In this paper, the modal theory of antennas is re-visited, believing that it brings invaluable information towards facilitating the design of multi-feed multi-band antennas. First, some subtle changes are proposed to enhance the applicability of the theory. Next, using some efficient computational techniques, the proposed formulations are shown to predict, to a very high accuracy, the input imp...

Livestock, particularly ruminants, can eat a wider range of biomass than humans. In the drive for greater efficiency, intensive systems of livestock production have evolved to compete with humans for high-energy crops such as cereals. Feeds consumed by livestock were analysed in terms of the quantities used and efficiency of conversion of grassland, human-edible ('edible') crops and crop by-pro...

AIM To study the effects of combinations of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.), garlic (Allium sativum), and black pepper (Piper nigrum) powder supplementation on production traits of broiler chickens. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 288 commercial broiler chicks were randomly assigned to 1-9 groups with 4 replicates each. An experiment was conducted in broilers with different feed for...

EU Directive 94/414 requires that plant protection products have no unacceptable effects on the environment particularly non-target species. DEFRA Pesticides Safety Directorate (PSD) is responsible for assessing the environmental safety of pesticides in the UK. Solid formulations (seeds, pellets, baits and granules) present particular problems due to the high toxicity of some formulations and t...

a 90 day study was conducted on twenty four indigenous non-descript goats allocated into four groups. they were fed ad libitum basal complete feed constituted rice straw: rhea (60:40) grass hay and concentrate mixture @ 250/animal/day. basal complete feed contain 11.07% dcp and 54.21% tdn. groups were control (t0) basal diet without polyherbal supplementation, treatment 1 (t1) diet with ruchama...

INTRODUCTION Feed is a potential and major source for introducing Salmonella into the animal-derived food chain. This is given special attention in the European Union (EU) efforts to minimize human food-borne Salmonella infections from animal-derived food. The objective of this study was to estimate the total extra cost for preventing Salmonella contamination of feed above those measures requir...