The Dirac and Weyl semimetals are unusual materials in which the nodes of the bulk states are protected against gap formation by crystalline symmetry. The chiral anomaly, predicted to occur in both systems, was recently observed as a negative longitudinal magnetoresistance (LMR) in Na3Bi (ref. ) and in TaAs (ref. ). An important issue is whether Weyl physics appears in a broader class of materi...

one of the most important problems in geodesy is the unification of height datum. generally in geodesy; there are two types of height systems, the geometrical height based on ellipsoid and the physical height based on gravity-defined surface (zhang et al, 2009).local height datum is determined according to mean sea level (msl). in regarding to mismatch of mean sea level and geoid, on the one ha...

We study ’t Hooft anomalies for a global discrete internal symmetry G. We construct examples of bosonic field theories in three dimensions with a nonvanishing ’t Hooft anomaly for a discrete global symmetry. We also construct field theories in three dimensions with a global discrete internal symmetry G1 × G2 such that gauging G1 necessarily breaks G2 and vice versa. This is analogous to the Adl...

We study 't Hooft anomalies for a global discrete internal symmetry G. We construct examples of bosonic field theories in three dimensions with a nonvanishing 't Hooft anomaly for a discrete global symmetry. We also construct field theories in three dimensions with a global discrete internal symmetry G(1) × G(2) such that gauging G(1) necessarily breaks G(2) and vice versa. This is analogous to...

Chiral U(1) anomaly is derived with mathematical rigor for a Euclidean fermion coupled to a smooth external U(1) gauge field on an even dimensional torus as a continuum limit of lattice regularized fermion field theory with the Wilson term in the action. The present work rigorously proves for the first time that the Wilson term correctly reproduces the chiral anomaly. Running title: Mathematica...

We make an exact field theoretical computation of the conformal anomaly for two-dimensional submanifold observables. By including a scalar field in the definition for the Wilson surface, as appropriate for a spontaneously broken A1 theory, we get a conformal anomaly which is such that N times it is equal to the anomaly that was computed in hep-th/9901021 in the large N limit and which relied on...

Quantum anomalies both in the Riemannian and in the Riemann-Cartan spacetimes were calculated previously using different methods, see e.g. [11,25]. However, recently [3] the completeness of these earlier calculations have been questioned which all demonstrated that the Nieh–Yan four-form [18] is irrelevant to the axial anomaly. For the axial anomaly, we have a couple of distinguished features. ...