A new group of vertebrate Hox genes, Hox14, has been discovered in two fish, the horn shark and the coelacanth. This reveals that ancestrally all jawed vertebrates may have had fourteen Hox paralogue groups rather than the thirteen groups of mammals and teleost fish.

The ventromedial medulla (VM), subdivided in a rostral (RVM) and a caudal (CVM) part, has a powerful influence on the spinal cord. In this study, we have identified the distribution of glycine and GABA containing neurons in the VM with projections to the cervical spinal cord, the lumbar dorsal horn, and the lumbar ventral horn. For this purpose, we have combined retrograde tracing using fluores...

this study investigates the effects of replacement of fish oil by sunflower oil and colsa oil as the vegetable oils, on growth and nutrition performance and survival rate of  rutilus frissi kutum with initial average weight 3.65±0.39 g over 8 weeks. three diets were supplemented with 8.5% of either fish oil (control), sunflower oil, and colsa oil, respectively in triplicates. after the experime...

The current study manifested that the aqueous flower extract of Peltophorum pterocarpum contain bioactive compounds, is found to be responsible for bioreduction during the synthesis of silver nanoparticles The synthesis of silver nanoparticles occurred under the exposure of the flower extract to 1mM silver nitrate aqueous solution .During this process the complete reduction was observed nearly ...

the present study was designed to evaluate blood factors in the flower horn fishes that were fed with different levels of hydrolyzed cow skin. 216 fishes with average weight and length, respectively, 0.95 ± 0.2 (g) and 3.7 ± 0.2 (cm) during the 100-days period of experiment were fed. results showed that in the treatments fed diets containing 40% hydrolyzed cow skin, number of rbc with mean (2.5...

This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of injection of essential oil of Eugenia caryophyllata in the kid horn buds, as a new chemical technique for disbudding. Five-day-old healthy goat kids from both sexes (n = 16) were divided randomly into 4 equal groups. In groups 1, 2 and 3, 0.2 mL of clove essence and in group 4 (control) 0.2 mL of normal saline was injected into the l...

This study aimed to examine the effect of differences in addition astaxanthin and several natural sources ß-carotene taken from shrimp head flour marigold flower on color intensity koi fish. The research was carried out January 2022 March at Aquaculture Laboratory, Faculty Fisheries Marine Sciences, Padjadjaran University, Indonesia. used an experimental method with a completely randomized desi...