This paper describes an approach to Japanese-Englishtranslation through internal expressions which are similar to those used in our recent approach to English-Japanese translation [2]. Attention is focused on construction of ~he internal expressions of Japanese sentences based on case structures of predicates and also conversion of the Japanese internal expressions to the English ones for gener...

brand plays an important role in contacting customers. even from the customer’s viewpoint, it is a symbol of product quality. measuring the brand equity in order to determine the brand position is of remarkable significance for companies, in particular iranian ones. the purpose of this article is to investigate the parameters that influence brand equity and provide a mathematical model for meas...

iran’s unique attractions and destinations make it of great potentiality for utilising tourism industry. according to statistics of the international and national organization tourism, the situation of tourism in iran is not suitable, which is a sign of an undesired situation in the industry and failing to make use of the existing capabilities and potentials of the country. therefore, this rese...

An efficient chiral squaramide-catalysed enantioselective Michael addition of pyrazolin-5-ones to nitroalkenes has been developed. This reaction afforded the chiral pyrazol-3-ol derivatives in high to excellent yields (up to >99%) with high enantioselectivities (up to 94% ee) for most substrates under very low catalyst loading (0.25 mol%). This catalytic asymmetric reaction provides valuable an...

Focus particles interact with the focused constituent in a sentence. The particle only presents a challenge to formalizing this relationship as while it commonly precedes the focused constituent, only can also follow it. A syntactic account of these constructions is presented that captures the unique properties of only’s distribution within the framework presented in Kayne (1998) and offers sup...