We use a 3-D finite difference numerical model to generate synthetic seismograms from a simple fractured reservoir containing evenly-spaced, discrete, vertical fracture zones. The fracture zones are represented using a single column of anisotropic grid points. In our experiments, we vary the spacing of the fracture zones from 10-meters to 100-meters, corresponding to fracture density values fro...

A common cause of human disability is related to the fracture of bones, complex structural materials whose properties vary with time. An analytical study (using ANSYS, a commercial finite element package) of bones under fracture conditions is presented, focusing on the frequency variation versus depth of crack, as well as on the evolution of strength in the fracture area.

Fragments of the distal border of the navicular bone are identified radiologically with low frequency in horses free from lameness. There is higher frequency of occurrence in horses with foot pain, especially navicular disease. The clinical significance of a fragment per se is controversial. There is limited knowledge about the progression of the lesion and/or lameness. The pathogenesis of frag...

Introduction: Currently, trauma is the main reason of mortality among 1-44 years old people and the third common reason of death throughout all ages. The aim of this study is to examine the radiographic findings in chest trauma patients referring to the Imam Reza Hospital in Birjand during the years of 2013-2014. Methods: The patients meeting the criteria...

INTRODUCTION Comparing the epidemiology of fractures originating in the cervical and apical regions may help to understand the causes and risk of a vertical root fracture. We aimed to determine the frequency of vertical root fractures in different fracture sites and how the fracture site relates to fracture direction and post length. METHODS Teeth diagnosed with a vertical root fracture were ...

A laboratory experimental study has been carried out to investigate the mode trapping characteristics of a fluid-filled fracture between two elastic solids. Using a small circular cylindrical receiver of 2.7 mm diameter, we were able to measure the wave motion directly inside a 2.8 mm thick fracture and to obtain array data for the propagating waves. The data was processed using Prony's method ...

Oscillatory seismic signals arising from resonant vibrations of hydraulic fractures are observed in many geologic systems, including volcanoes, glaciers and ice sheets, and hydrocarbon and geothermal reservoirs. To better quantify the physical dimensions of fluid-filled cracks and properties of the fluids within them, we study wave motion along a thin hydraulic fracture waveguide. We present a ...

The distribution of the Taq 1 polymorphism in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene and the MSc 1 polymorphism in the collagen 1 alpha 1 (COL1A1) gene were studied in 266 female and 55 male patients attending an osteoporosis clinic. Allele frequency in control (T- or Z-score >-1.0) and osteoporotic (T- or Z-scores <-2.5) groups were compared using Chi squared tests. No differences were found betwee...