Flash signalling (with vanishing duty cycle) Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) is known to be a capacity-achieving modulation for multi-path fading channels in the limit of infinite bandwidth. However, since capacity-achieving schemes using flash FSK build the richness of their codebooks in frequency, the data rates of such schemes increase slowly with bandwidth. We seek to establish schemes that ex...

OBJECTIVE Recent progress supports the importance of local estrogen secretion in human bone tissues to increase and maintain bone mineral density. In a previous study, we reported that the expression of aromatase (CYP19) is dexamethasone (Dex)-dependent and oncostatin M (OSM) increases the expression synergistically with Dex. In the present study, we examined the effects of forskolin (FSK) as a...

The adenylyl cyclase stimulator forskolin (FSK) stimulates UT-A1 phosphorylation, membrane trafficking, and urea transport activity. Here, we found that FSK stimulation induces UT-A1 ubiquitination in UT-A1 Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. This suggests that phosphorylation by FSK also triggers the protein degradation machinery for UT-A1. UT-A1-MDCK cells were treated with 100 μg/ml cycl...

The effects of forskolin (FSK) and phobol 12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) on c-fos and c-jun mRNA expressions in rat C6 glioma cells were studied. Both FSK and PMA increased the c-fos mRNA level. The C-jun mRNA level was decreased by FSK, whereas it was increased by PMA. The elevated c-fos mRNA level, induced by FSK or PMA, was significantly inhibited by dexamethasone (DEX). In contrast, DEX did ...

In wideband systems that decorrelate in time and frequency, capacity can be reached in the limit of infinite bandwidth by using impulsive frequency-shift keying (FSK) with vanishingly small duty cycle. The richness of the codebook is then created through the large bandwidth, thus requiring very large bandwidths in order to approach capacity. We show that FSK with small duty cycle can achieve ra...

Thermal radiation plays a dominant role in heat transfer for most combustion systems. Accurate predictions of radiative heat transfer are essential for the correct determination of flame temperature, flame structure, and pollutant emissions in combustion simulations. In turbulent flames, transported probability density function (PDF) methods provide a reliable treatment of nonlinear processes s...

We report on the generation of combined FSK/IM modulation format by using GCSR tunable laser sources. FSK modulation, up to 100 Mbit/s, has been achieved by modulating the phase section of a GCSR laser source. We experimentally demonstrate generation of combined FSK/IM modulation at 100Mbit/s and 10 Gbit/s, respectively. We also report on successful FSK label insertion using a SOA-MZI wavelengt...

In the present work, full spectrum k-distribution method (FSK) has been adopted to calculate radiative transfer in presence of participating gaseous medium within an enclosure. The properties is obtained from HITEMP-2010 database. Further, have assembled into a monotonically increasing function using FSK. Moreover, look-up table developed for these at different thermodynamic states and multi-di...

Communication between the primary and secondary sides is pivotal to wireless power transfer (WPT) system. The system control commands feedback information need simultaneous (SWIPT). In this paper, a FSK-based SWIPT with full-duplex communication via shared channel provided. Considering complexity of coupling relationship in kind system, paper proposes an analysis method based on transmission ch...

Regulation of urea transporter UT-A1 in the kidney is important for the urinary concentrating mechanism. We previously reported that activation of the cAMP/PKA pathway by forskolin (FSK) leads to UT-A1 ubiquitination, endocytosis, and degradation. In this study, we discovered that FSK-induced UT-A1 ubiquitination is monoubiquitination as judged by immunoblotting with specific ubiquitin antibodi...