Experimental measurements on commercial adaptive cruise control (ACC) vehicles are becoming increasingly available from around the world, providing an unprecedented opportunity to study traffic flow characteristics that arise this technology. This paper adds new experimental evidence knowledge base and presents a comprehensive empirical ACC equilibrium behaviors via resulting fundamental diagra...

The Witten-Reshetikhin-Turaev invariant of classical link diagrams is generalized to virtual link diagrams. This invariant is unchanged by the framed Reidemeister moves and the Kirby calculus. As a result, it is also an invariant of the 3-manifolds represented by the classical link diagrams. We generalize this invariant to virtual link diagrams. This result is used to demonstrate that there are...

Fundamental diagrams of vehicular traffic flow are generally multivalued in the congested flow regime. We show that such set-valued fundamental diagrams can be constructed systematically from simple second order macroscopic traffic models, such as the classical Payne-Whitham model or the inhomogeneous Aw-Rascle-Zhang model. These second order models possess nonlinear traveling wave solutions, c...