most essential oil extraction from medicine plant have shown the properties of antimicrobial of parasites, bacteria, fungi and viruses. the fungus from genus of fusarium is one of the prevalent crop disease that infect a wide range of crops. fusarium solani is one of the species of this fungus genus that various crops are host for it. a lab experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of ...

The effect of the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae Ma14 strain, D-limonene, and cypermethrin, alone and combined, on the mortality of Rhipicephalus sanguineus Latreille larvae was evaluated. Eight separate groups with 25 tick larvae were inoculated with the fungus, cypermethrin, and D-limonene, and four groups were used as untreated controls. The groups were inoculated with serial dilutions of eac...

Agrobacterium tumefaciens stimulated and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici inhibited development and reproduction of Meloidogyne incognita when applied to the opposite split root of tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Tropic, plants. The lowest rate of nematode reproduction occurred after 2,000 juveniles were applied and the fungus was present in the opposite split root. The effects of all ...

Ixodes scapularis Say adults, nymphs, and larvae were treated with the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae in a combination of field and laboratory experiments to assess sublethal effects of the fungus on I. scapularis fecundity and body mass. Postengorgement and egg mass weights were 33 and 50% lower, respectively, in adult females treated with M. ansiopliae in the field before engo...

Gliocladium virens was isolated from slash pine trees symptomatic and asymptomatic for pine wilt disease with frequencies of 24% and 10%, respectively. Populations of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, the nematode incitant of this disease, reproduced on this fungus and inhibited its growth. Growth inhibition of the fungus was characterized by an absence of sporulation and by the formation of chains o...

This study documents the interaction of two coccinellid-specific ectoparasites, a podapolipid mite Coccipolipus hippodamiae (McDaniel et Morrill) and a laboulbenialean fungus Hesperomyces virescens Thaxter with the lady beetle Harmonia axyridis (Pallas). The study objectives were to (1) determine the prevalence and intensity of both parasites and (2) predict the influence of parasitism on host ...

Previous work has shown that Trametes (Coriolus) versicolor bleaches kraft pulp brownstock with the concomitant release of methanol. In this work, the fungus is shown to produce both laccase and manganese peroxidase (MnP) but not lignin peroxidase during pulp bleaching. MnP production was enhanced by the presence of pulp and/or Mn(II) ions. The maximum level of secreted MnP was coincident with ...

Fungal-bacterial interactions are ubiquitous, yet their molecular basis is only poorly understood. In this study, a novel beneficial interaction between a strain of Pseudomonas putida and the fungus Saccharomyces cerevisiae was identified. When the bacteria were incubated alone in grape juice or in synthetic medium containing various concentrations of glucose, they lost viability rapidly during...

Eucalyptus species are considered to have ectomycorrhizas (ECM), but many also have vesicular–arbuscular mycorrhizas (VAM) and their relative importance is unclear. Interactions between ECM and VAM fungi colonizing roots of Eucalyptus species were examined in a glasshouse experiment. This experiment investigated competition between these two types of fungi and compared benefits provided to Euca...

Infection of citrus seedlings by Tylenchulus semipenetrans was shown to reduce subsequent infection of roots by Phytophthora nicotianae and to increase plant growth compared to plants infected by only the fungus. Hypothetical mechanisms by which the nematode suppresses fungal development include nutrient competition, direct antibiosis, or alteration of the microbial community in the rhizosphere...