Emulsions of water in as-recovered native crude oils of diverse geographical origin evidently possess some common morphological features. At low volume fractions varphi of water, the viscosity behavior of emulsions is governed by the presence of flocculated clusters of water droplets, whereas characteristic tight gels, composed of visually monodisperse small droplets, are responsible for the vi...

We report an experimental investigation of the caging motion in a uniformly heated granular fluid for a wide range of filling fractions, varphi. At low varphi the classic diffusive behavior of a fluid is observed. However, as varphi is increased, temporary cages develop and particles become increasingly trapped by their neighbors. We statistically analyze particle trajectories and observe a num...

Neural coding of the pitch of complex sounds is vital for animals' ability to communicate and to perceptually organize natural acoustic scenes. Harmonic complex sounds typically have a well defined pitch corresponding to their fundamental frequency, whereas inharmonic sounds can exhibit pitch ambiguity: their pitch can have more than one value. Iterated rippled noise (IRN), a common "pitch stim...

BACKGROUND Athletes are expected to consider multiple factors when making informed decision about nutritional supplement use. Besides rules, regulations and potential health hazards, the efficacy of different nutritional supplements in performance enhancement is a key issue. The aim of this paper was to find evidence for informed decision making by investigating the relationship between specifi...

In this paper, we give some new coupled common  fixed point theorems for probabilistic $varphi$-contractions  in Menger probabilistic metric spaces.  As applications of the main results, we obtain some coupled common fixed point theorems in usual metric spaces and fuzzy metric spaces. The main results of this paper improvethe corresponding results given by some authors. Finally, we give one exa...

We report on the magnetotransport in a 90 nm thick n-type GaAs epitaxial thin film in the weak localization (WL) regime. Low temperature (T</=50 K) magnetotransport data are fit with WL theory, from which the phase coherence time, tau(varphi) proportional, variantT(-p) (p=1.22+/-0.01), are extracted. We conclude that the dominant dephasing mechanism at these temperatures is electron-electron (e...

In this paper we introduce the notion of $varphi$-commutativity for a Banach algebra $A$, where $varphi$ is a continuous homomorphism on $A$ and study the concept of $varphi$-weak amenability for $varphi$-commutative Banach algebras. We give an example to show that the class of $varphi$-weakly amenable Banach algebras is larger than that of weakly amenable commutative Banach algebras. We charac...

Let $A$ and $B$ be two unital $C^{*}$-algebras and $varphi:A rightarrow B$ be a linear map. In this paper, we investigate the structure of linear maps between two $C^{*}$-algebras that preserve a certain property or relation. In particular, we show that if $varphi$ is unital, $B$ is commutative and $V(varphi(a)^{*}varphi(b))subseteq V(a^{*}b)$ for all $a,bin A$, then $varphi$ is a $*$-homomorph...