Youth gangs are on the rise. Today they threaten virtually every major city, many small communities, and even rural areas. The Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) is committed to helping communities overcome this problem, and an essential first step is understanding the factors that contribute to the growth of youth gangs and the relationship of gang membership to deli...

This paper explores the role of local structural conditions that facilitate or hinder violence when enmity is present between parties. This is illustrated by examining violence among street gangs. Using structural balance theory, the current research investigates whether certain triadic structures in which two rival gangs i and j are related to a third gang with either an ally or rival relation...

This paper explores the role of local structural conditions that facilitate or hinder violence when enmity is present between parties. This is illustrated by examining violence among street gangs. Using structural balance theory, the current research investigates whether certain triadic structures in which two rival gangs i and j are related to a third gang with either an ally or rival relation...

Across the globe, the phenomenon of youth gangs has become an important and sensitive public issue. In this context, an increasing level of research attention has focused on the development of universalized definitions of gangs in a global context. In this article, we argue that this search for similarity has resulted in a failure to recognize and understand difference. Drawing on an alternativ...

Many urban environments have criminal gangs competing for control of available resources and gang territories. Research in criminology has linked the effect of these gang territories on criminal activity by criminal gangs. However, a great deal of a given criminal group’s activity occurs beyond the boundaries of that gang’s known territory but within a region we term a gang’s criminal sphere of...

Conventional gang scheduling has the disadvantage that when processes perform I/O or blocking communication, their processors remain idle because alternative processes cannot be run independently of their own gangs. To alleviate this problem, we suggest a slight relaxation of this rule: match gangs that make heavy use of the CPU with gangs that make light use of the CPU (presumably due to I/O o...

Youths in gangs on the Cape Flats have been reported to be a major and ongoing concern. It is therefore necessary explore what prompts youths not join gangs, or exit gangs. This article based secondary analysis of data that focused perceptions reasons for joining The findings point individual, family environmental contributing influences. discussion concluded with some recommendations intervent...

Street gangs pose serious threats to their members, to their victims, and to communities at large. The behavior problems associated with gangs are many and varied. Suggested causes for the emergence of gangs are complicated, and many of them are interdependent. Interventions planned to rehabilitate individuals and to weaken the power of the gang are numerous. Research shows that few of these in...

methodological problems with many reports on female gangs. This Bulletin summarizes both past and current research on female gangs and draws attention to programmatic and research needs. It considers the underlying reasons for female gang membership, assesses the delinquency and criminal activity of female gang members, examines how ethnicity and gender norms may influence female gang behavior,...