The present work describes the biological activities using the marine sponges collected from kanyakumari. The sponges are such as the Callyspongia diffusa, Echinodictyum gorgonoides, Callyspongia reticutis, Gelliodes cellaria, and Thalysias vulpine. It is revealed that the sponges showed the antifungal activity against the various fungal strains such as the Aspergillus niger, Pencillium notatum...

Two CAM species, Kalanchoë daigremontiana Hamet et Perrier and Hoya carnosa (L.) R. Br., were grown under a range of five photon flux area densitites (PFD) and then characterized. Significant acclimation to shade was indicated by progressive decreases in leaf thickness, rates of respiratory O(2) uptake, light compensation point, maximum rates of photosynthetic O(2) evolution, nocturnal acid acc...

Hoya (Marsdenieae, Apocynaceae) includes at least 200 species distributed from India to the Pacific Islands. We here infer major species groups in the genus based on combined sequences from the chloroplast atpB-rbcL spacer, the trnL region, and nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS region for 42 taxa of Hoya and close relatives. To assess levels of ITS polymorphism, ITS sequences for a third of the accessi...