Members of the GATA family of transcription factors play important roles in cell fate specification, differentiation, and morphogenesis during mammalian development. GATA5, the only one of the six vertebrate GATA factor genes not yet inactivated in mice, is expressed in a pattern that overlaps with but is distinct from that of other GATA factor genes. During mouse embryogenesis, GATA5 is expres...

background: one of europe’s most well-developed industrial regions is found in the republic of bulgaria. the industrialization of the region has a big impact on air pollution. thermal power plant “maritza east” (the largest of its kind in southeastern europe), the army training range, machine manufacturers, household heating and high volume of automobile traffic are all major sources of polluti...

The endocrine system and genitourinary tract unite in various syndromes. Genitourinary malignancies may cause paraneoplastic endocrine syndromes by secreting hormonal substances. These entities include Cushing`s syndrome, hypercalcemia, hyperglycemia, polycythemia, hypertension, and inappropriate ADH or HCG production. The most important syndromic scenarios that links these two systems are here...

OBJECTIVES Pelvic fractures are markers of severe injury and are often associated with lower genitourinary injuries. The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of lower genitourinary injuries and complaints associated with pelvic fractures sustained in combat among nonsurvivors and survivors. METHODS The Armed Forces Medical Examiner System and The Joint Theater Trauma Registr...

Foreign bodies are rarely found in genitourinary system and pose a challenge to the practitioner. The usual causes for insertion of foreign bodies in genitourinary system include sexual curiosity, autoerotic stimulation, or during invasive procedures (1). These patients may remain asymptomatic or have minimal discomfort but usually patient presents with urinary tract infection, severe pain and ...

Complete duplication of genitourinary system, colon and vertebral column is a very rare and complex congenital condition termed as "caudal duplication syndrome" with variable presentations. This term is often quoted as a type of incomplete separation of mono-ovular twins or conjoined twinning. It is associated with other congenital malformations of the genitourinary, gastrointestinal and other ...

Genitourinary system is the second most common site of tuberculosis (TB) after pulmonary system. Tuberculosis of the prostate is a rare manifestation of genitourinary tuberculosis. It is even more uncommon if occurring in an immunecompetent individual. Prostate TB is usually an incidental finding in transurethral resection of prostate (TURP). Here, we report a case of TB of the prostate in a 70...

BACKGROUND It is not known to what extent the results of epidemiological studies on male fertility and semen quality based on voluntary participation in the general population are relevant. METHODS In a study on the reproductive health of male partners of pregnant women, information was obtained from a group of men agreeing to collect a semen sample and to complete a questionnaire (group A), ...