multilocus variable number tandem repeat (vntr) analysis (mlva) is a new typing method with several advantages compared to other methods. dissemination of shigella is highly significant in developing countries. whilst shigella is becoming increasingly important as an etiologic agent of pediatric shigellosis in iran, little is known about the genetic diversity of the local strains. therefore, th...

Astrovirus (AstV) infections are among the most common causes of gastroenteritis and are also associated with extraintestinal manifestations in humans and many animals. Herein, for the first time, the complete genome sequence of newly identified porcine astrovirus genotype 3 (PAstV3) strain US-MO123 was determined. Sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis showed that PAstV3 has the closest...

Subtyping was conducted in late 2007 on 57 Cryptosporidium specimens from sporadic cases in Colorado, Idaho, New Mexico, and Iowa. One previously rare Cryptosporidium hominis subtype was identified in 40 cases (70%) from all four states, and the Cryptosporidium horse genotype was identified in a pet shop employee with severe clinical symptoms.

Taking resource allocation into account, flexible job shop problem (FJSP) is a class of complex scheduling problem in manufacturing system. In order to utilize the machine resources rationally, multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) integrating with variable neighborhood search is introduced to address FJSP efficiently. Firstly, the assignment rules (AL) and dispatching rules (DR) ...

Mutation scanning techniques are used to detect sequence variants without the need for prior knowledge of the identity or precise location of the variant, in contrast with genotyping techniques, which determine the status of a specific variant. High-resolution melting is a recently developed method that shows great potential as a mutation scanning technique. Sensitivity and specificity for muta...

Warfarin anticoagulation effect is characterized by marked variability, some of which has been attributed to CYP2C9 polymorphisms. This study prospectively examines whether a priori knowledge of CYP2C9 genotype may improve warfarin therapy. Patients were randomly assigned to receive warfarin by a validated algorithm ("control", 96 patients) or CYP2C9 genotype-adjusted algorithms ("study", 95 pa...

conclusions the most predominant vaca genotypes in our areas were s1/m2 and s1/m1, which regard as the genotypes with more virulence intensity. the h. pylori vacas1a, caga genotypes have a significant relationship with the presence of pud and gc in iranian patients with dyspepsia. results in this study, vaca genotypes s1/m2, s1/m1, s2/m2 and s2/m1 were determined in 43.4%, 19.3%, 13.2% and 6% o...

the aim of this study was to detect the genotype of fasciola spp. in meshkin-shahr, ardabil province, northwestern iran in different hosts using pcr-rflp.the parasite hosts included cattle, and sheep. overall, 70 adult flukes from livers of slaughtered animals were collected from the abattoirs of aforementioned area. the included 35 samples from infected sheep and 35 samples from 35 infected ca...

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is the causative agent of Johne’s disease, an economically important disease in ruminants worldwide. It was first isolated in Egypt in 2005. Since then, the pathogen has been detected in different Egyptian provinces. In order to trace the source of infection, genotyping using simple methods of high discriminatory power such as mycobacterial inte...