Although many GIS have been successfully implemented, it has become quite clear that two-dimensional maps with most complex contours and color schema cannot precisely present multidimensional and dynamic spatial phenomena. Most GISs in use today have not been designed to support multimedia data and therefore have very limited capability due to the large data volumes, very rich semantics and ver...

SUMMARY Geoinformatics is described as a scientific and technical complex integrating the branch of scientific knowledge, the appropriate technology and the applied, or productive, activities concerned with the development and implementation of geographical information systems. Four stages of geoinformatics evolution are discussed, and its prospects are outlined in brief. 1. Introduction Geoinf...

background: growth of the world population alongside an increasing adoption of cancer-causing behaviors,particularly smoking and various environmental factors. a variety of cancers data in specialgeographic areas can help define medical programs for treatment and screening of high-risk groups.since cancer types has not been reported within districts and neighbourhoods of tehran city so far,this...

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