This paper aims to analyze the perception of state in writings early Muslim intellectuals, particularly al-Farabi, al-Mawardi, Nizam al-Mulk, al-Ghazzali, Ibn Taymiyyah and Khaldun. All these six intellectuals have a massive contribution developing or Islamic political thought. intended find answer following questions regarding concept from their writings: firstly, debate around birth state; re...

abu hamed mohammad ghazzali is a great muslem intellectual and faqih in the fifth century(ah). an outstanding feature of his political thought is the intertwining of ethics and politics. he views politics from the perspective of religion and ethics. thus, politics, in his view, is not the science of power and of how to attain power, but the means for moral improvement and guiding human beings t...

contrary to majority of islamic jurists, those who believe in singularity of reality and a certain rule in disagreement cases, in opinion of some of the scholars, the truth and the rule is plural and all of the jurist(modjtahedin) are just. imam mohammad ghazzali is one of these scholars. in his opinion, the theory of proscription (takteah) is incorrect and contradictory. with the exception of ...

classification of the sciences has always been an essential part of the islamic scientific thought. this was due to the significant role of science in the islamic culture and as well as the development of various scientific traditions in this civilization.philosophy of science, today, discusses the classification of sciences in which methods, subject matters, and goals of the science are studie...

kimia-ye sa'adat is the most important work of abu hamed mohammad ghazzali in persian which has been edited and published twice in iran: the first time in 1940/1319 š by ahmad aram, and the second time in 1982/1361 š by hossein khadiv jam who had already published the first half of the book in 1976/1355 š. this article seeks to study these two editions, especially the one by khadiv jam, and com...