Let $S= \{e_1,\,e_2‎, ‎\ldots,\,e_m\}$ be an ordered subset of edges of a connected graph $G$‎. ‎The edge $S$-representation of an edge set $M\subseteq E(G)$ with respect to $S$ is the‎ ‎vector $r_e(M|S) = (d_1,\,d_2,\ldots,\,d_m)$‎, ‎where $d_i=1$ if $e_i\in M$ and $d_i=0$‎ ‎otherwise‎, ‎for each $i\in\{1,\ldots‎ , ‎k\}$‎. ‎We say $S$ is a global forcing set for maximal matchings of $G$‎ ‎if $...

globally around 38 million people die each year as a result of non communicable diseases (ncds) in which 42% (~ 16 million) are premature deaths (below the age of 70). nine voluntary global targets were set by world health organization to control above mentioned premature deaths. iran added 4 more targets to it, including 20% reduction in the mortality rate due to road traffic injuries. the nee...

In this paper, a two stages method to determine suitable benchmark and return scale of the decision making units set is presented. At first, all of the efficient reference set in no radial data envelopment analysis (DEA) based on linear programming is found. first, RAM model is introduced and units is investigated using this model, then, to run the given algorithm below steps is performed. At t...

efficient and on-time maintenance plays a crucial role inreducing cost and increasing the market share of an industrial unit. preventivemaintenance is a broad term that encompasses a set of activitiesaimed at improving the overall reliability and availability of a systembefore machinery breakdown. the previous studies have addressed thescheduling of preventive maintenance. these studies have co...

We present here a new way of reasoning on a device based on structure, we call assembling a device. It consists of a symbolic combination of local qualitative constraints (namely confluences) leading to more global relations. Some reference variables are selected according to the task to be performed (simulation, observation, postdiction,...). The assembling step produces a set of equations exp...

geospatial information system (gis) has emerged as a very powerful tool for capturing, storing, analyzing, managing, and presenting data that is linked to location. the location information, which is usually obtained from existing maps or the global positioning systems (gps), refers to different coordinate and map projection systems. therefore, unification of the coordinate and mapping systems ...

It is well established that multiple reference sets may occur for a decision making unit (DMU) in the non-radial DEA (data envelopment analysis) setting. As our first contribution, we differentiate between three types of reference set. First, we introduce the notion of unary reference set (URS) corresponding to a given projection of an evaluated DMU. The URS includes efficient DMUs that are act...