In this paper we investigate the performance of an Optical Code Division Multiplexing/Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM/OCDM) Optical Packet Switch when impairment due to both Multiple Access Interference and Beat noise are taken into account. Analytical models are introduced to dimension the switch resources, in particular the number of optical codes carried on each wavelength. The Packet ...

This paper presents an implementation of open loop and closed loop control of Quadratic boost converter using PID controller.  Quadratic boost converter consists of boost converter and fly back converter driven by a single switch. Quadratic boost converter QBC is designed especially for regulating the DC interface between various micro sources and dc-ac inverter to electricity grid. Quadratic b...

Induction of switch recombination to the gamma 1 and epsilon immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy chain loci was examined in B cells preactivated with anti-Ig (B lymphoblasts). In B lymphoblasts cultured with interleukin 4 (IL-4), IL-5 induced the accumulation of S micro-S gamma 1 rearrangements, but not epsilon recombination. Thus, IL-5 facilitates switch recombination directed to the gamma 1 heavy chain...

BACKGROUND Recently, a novel single-switch access technology based on infrared thermography was proposed. The technology exploits the temperature differences between the inside and surrounding areas of the mouth as a switch trigger, thereby allowing voluntary switch activation upon mouth opening. However, for this technology to be clinically viable, it must be validated against a gold standard ...

The main objective of this research is to develop a micro and nanogap structure using dry anisotropic etching –Reactive Ion EtchingRIE. Amorphous silicon material is used in the micro and nanogap structure and gold as electrode. The fabrication processes of the micro and nanostructure are based on conventional photolithography, wet etching for the Al pattern and wet etching for a-Si pattern usi...

Research on contact characterization for microelectromechanical system (MEMS) switches has been driven by the necessity to reach a high-reliability level for micro-switch applications. One of the main failures observed during cycling of the devices is the increase of the electrical contact resistance. The key issue is the electromechanical behaviour of the materials used at the contact interfac...

For gold, the most promising elements for provenance are Platinum Group Elements (PGE), Sn, Te, Sb, Hg, Pb, but also high melting point elements, such as Ta and Nb. Small fragments of native Carpathian gold placer and primary were studied using Synchrotron Radiation X-Ray Fluorescence at ANKA synchrotron. The goal of the study was to identify the trace elements, especially Sn, Sb and Te. The me...