it is over several decades that ultrasound is used to enhance the transdermal drug delivery (phonphoresis). the mechanism of the enhancement is not fully understood and the ability of ultrasound on the enhancement for some drugs is unclear. the effect of continuous wave 870 khz ultrasound at intensity of 1 w/cm 2 for 15 minutes on transdermal absorption of piroxicam from solution and gel formul...

an adjuvant to antimicrobial therapy, targeted at both planktonic and biofilm (sessile) organisms. Our previous work showed that ultrasound (US) effectively enhances the bactericidal activity of certain antibiotics against planktonic cultures (Pitt et al., 1994; Rediske et al., 1999) and in vitro biofilms (Johnson et al., 1998; Qian et al., 1999) and in vivo biofilms (Carmen et al., 2004b, 2005...

Bubble cavitation is one of the major mechanisms for ultrasound-induced bioeffects. Characterising the bubble dynamics, expansion and collapse, is of importance in understanding the cavitation phenomenon and estimating the consequent outcome. In this study, Doppler ultrasound method was firstly used to measure the bubble wall velocity. Bubbles were generated in water using a beam of high-intens...

objective(s) sonodynamic therapy is a physical treatment which utilizes ultrasound waves with an appropriate sensitizer such as protoporphyrin ix (ppix). the activation of sensitizer depends on cavitation, and therefore, high intensity ultrasound is an important necessity. beside, high intensity ultrasound can induce side effects on the healthy tissues which have surrounded tumor. the particles...

Ultrasound-mediated targeted drug delivery is a therapeutic modality under development with the potential to treat cancer. Its ability to produce local hyperthermia and cell poration through cavitation non-invasively makes it a candidate to trigger drug delivery. Hyperthermia offers greater potential for control, particularly with magnetic resonance imaging temperature measurement. However, cav...

It is supposed that inertial cavitation plays a significant role in tissue damage during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). In this work we attempted to detect cavitation in tissue. In vivo experiments with pigs were conducted in a Dornier HM3 electrohydraulic lithotripter. Kidney alignment was made using fluoroscopy and B-mode ultrasound. Cavitation was detected by a dual passive ca...

Using platelet-rich plasma, we investigated the effect of 1.1-MHz continuous wave high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) on platelet activation, aggregation and adhesion to a collagen-coated surface. Platelets were exposed for durations of 10–500 s at spatial average intensities of up to 4860 W/cm. To avoid heating effects, the average temperature in the HIFU tank was maintained at 33.8 4.0°C...

In this study, it was investigated the effects of ultrasound, namely power input, distance from ultrasound tip to base of reactor and treatment time, in the formation of liposomes. Results indicate a dependence on cavitation events that are a function of power input, and consequently dependent on the position of the probe within the reaction vessel and the wave behaviour. Short treatment times ...

The intensification of wet textile processes, such as cleaning and dyeing, by application of ultrasound is well known. In these processes, mass transfer in the interyarn and intrayarn pores of the textile is the basic physical phenomenon. The results of experiments on textile cleaning, based on basic principles of acoustics and cavitation, coupled with analysis of the surface and cross section ...

In spite of wide spread investigations performed,the biological effects of ultrasound waves,specially on DNA molecule has not been fully understood.since any alteration in DNA molecule can lead to chromosome abnormality,the study of clastogenic effects of ultrasound is important.in this study,the effect of 1MHz frequency continuous waves with the power of 0.5,1 and 1.5 watts on G human lymphocy...