the study of tectonic evolution of the tethyan and se asian regions indicates that these tworegions have each passed through southwardly progressing sequences of similar tectonic events. both regionshave experienced a southward island-arc subduction and back-arc spreading leading to continentaldetachment from gondwanaland, with an earlier southward island arc subduction of palaeotethys (tethyan...

The geologic causes of this event can be traced back over 120 million years ago, when the southern supercontinent of Gondwanaland broke up. The subcontinent of India separated from Antarctica and started its steady motion northward. 50 million years ago it collided with Asia, raising the Himalayas and forming the Tibetan plateau. The plate collision continues today as the Indian plate moves nor...

The goal of this minireview is to provide an overview of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) phylogenetics and phylogeography when placed in the broad context of geologic time. Planet Earth was formed over 4 billion years ago, and the supercontinent Pangaea coalesced around 400 million years ago (mya). Based on detailed tree-building models, the base of the phylogenetic tree of the Herpesviridae famil...

Evidence for a c. 600 Ma rifted passive margin in eastern Australia exists in the form of multiple belts of mafic volcanic rocks preserved along the western margin of the Tasman Fold Belt System, and giving rise to elongate magnetic anomalies. Outcrop, drillhole and geophysical evidence points to piles of lavas, volcaniclastic and intrusive rocks up to 6 km thick, extending for strike lengths o...

Cestodes of the genus Linstowia, parasitic in marsupials, show patterns of coevolution and ancient historical-ecological connections. Correlated with the breakup of the austral landmasses (Gondwanaland) of the Neotropical and Australian regions from the Antarctic continent, the age of this host-parasite community is estimated to be between 60 and 70 million years old. Based on the data from the...