Application flows naturally from good science, and behavioral toxicology is no exception. Phenomena discovered and procedures developed in behavioral laboratories are being applied on a wide scale in commercial, industrial, and governmental settings. In behavioral toxicology, this transfer of technology has occurred in an ad hoc manner, albeit with a degree of sophistication. The development of...

This is the first full year of operation of this office in the new reorganization of NIEHS. Much time has been devoted to: (1) recruiting leaders of new programs (Behavorial Toxicology, Pulmonary Function and Toxicology) or new leaders of existing programs (Biophysics, Pharmacokinetics); (2) developing plans for new programs and expansion of present programs between now and occupancy of the new...

BACKGROUND Ten years ago, leaders in the field of toxicology called for a transformation of the discipline and a shift from primarily relying on traditional animal testing to incorporating advances in biotechnology and predictive methodologies into alternative testing strategies (ATS). Governmental agencies and academic and industry partners initiated programs to support such a transformation, ...

In an endemic area of North-East Brazil (the town of Picos, State of Piauí), a nongovernmental organization (NGO) supported the activity against leprosy in connection with governmental health organizations and local agents. The indicators of leprosy elimination were compared over time (within Picos) and across space (Picos versus Piauí). The case detection rate, above 8 per 10,000 people in the...

In a recent issue of the Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology (APJMT), the importance of empowering medical toxicology in the Asia Pacific Region has been discussed. In the editorial by Dr. Afshari, it has been stated that national societies of medical toxicology are important infrastructure for the development of medical toxicology, and the Asia Pacific Association of Medical Toxicology ...

In addition to the proliferation of private, fee-paying schools in India, nongovernmental organisations (NGOs) play an important role in providing educational services, especially in un-served and under-served communities. This paper uses qualitative research to critically examine the nature and potential of NGO provision of primary schooling in India. In particular, it explores the contributio...

Increasing academic and governmental attention is being directed towards improving legislative and human rights protections for the mentally ill and the mentally vulnerable in developing nations. Many states have made sincere attempts to discern such protections and enunciate them in legislation. A significant gap continues to exist here, however, between aspiration and implementation. One stra...

Environmental toxicology is the study of the ecological effects of anthropogenic substances released into the environment. It is a relatively diverse field addressing impacts to aquatic and terrestrial organisms and communities. The determination of potential risk associated with toxic agents is of interest to government regulators, industry, researchers, private organizations and citizen group...

medical toxicology is somehow a neglected field of medicine. support for this discipline is necessary as there are many competing interests within a nation's public health priorities (1). in the previous issue of the asia pacific journal of medical toxicology, the essentials of the empowerment of medical toxicology in the asia pacific region have been discussed (2). perhaps, there is now an urg...

background and purpose: the internet offers a wide range of online digital resources for the field of toxicology. methods: the history of toxicology and electronic data collections are reviewed. this review presents a brief and non-comprehensive overview of a representative sampling of some of the broad array of toxicology-related learning, tutorial and information resources now becoming widely...