The role of cytokines in the control of hematopoietic cell differentiation remains controversial. Two general models for the cytokine control of hematopoietic differentiation have been proposed. In the stochastic model, cytokines provide proliferative and survival signals to the differentiating hematopoietic cell, but they do not provide specific lineage commitment signals. In the instructive m...

Abbreviations: UV-R: UV Radiation; SCF: Stem Cell Factors; FGF2: Fibroblast Growth Factor; PAH: Phenylalanine Hydroxylase; TH1: Tyrosinase Hydroxylase 1; TRP-2: DOPA-Chrome Tautomerase; TRP-1: DHICA Oxidase; DHI: 5,6-Dihydroxyindole; DHICA: 5;6-Dihydroxyindole-2-Carboxylic Acid; Indole-5;6-Quinone I-Q; I-QCA: Indole-5,6-Quinone Carboxylic Acid; MSH: MelanocyteStimulating Hormone; TYR: Tyrosinas...

The introduction of a retrovirus vector expressing p21 W (P210) into the human factor-dependent cell line M07E resulted in the rapid outgrowth of factor-independent cells. Early after infection, four factor-independent clones were isolated and analyzed in greater detail along with mass populations obtained from separate infections. High levels of P21 0 tyrosine kinase activity were measured in...

CD34' precursors in normal human bone marrow (BM) generate large numbers of dendritic cells alongside macrophages and granulocytic precursors when cultured for 12 to 14 days in c-kit ligand, granulocyte-macrophage colonystimulating factor (GM-CSF), and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a). This study reports an intermediate cell type that develops by day 6, and has the potential to differentiate int...

the present study aimed at investigating the beneficial effects of co-administering granulocyte colony–stimulating factor (g-csf) and stem cell factor (scf) in a model of chronic liver injury induced by thioacetamide (taa). biochemical and histopathology- cal examinations were performed on serum and liver specimens. at the end of the treatment period, the rats were anesthetized with ether, seru...

Purpose: Anticancer dendritic cell (DC) vaccines require the DCs to relocate to lymph nodes (LN) to trigger immune responses.However, thesemigration rates are typically very poor. Improving the targeting of ex vivo generatedDCs to LNsmight increase vaccine efficacy and reduce costs.We investigatedDCmigration in vivo in humans under different conditions. Experimental Design:HLA-A 02:01 patients ...

Previously, we found that murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (M01 induced in vitro by M0-specific colonystimulating factor (M-CSF) have little capacity to release prostaglandin E, (PGE,) and other eicosanoids. This work focused on the functional and transcriptional expression of the key enzymes for the PGE, synthesis in the MO. Nonadherent bone marrow cells were cultured with RPM1 1640 plu...

Interleukin-l3 (IL-13) is a recently discovered immunoregulatory cytokine. The cellular sources of IL-13 and the regulation of its expression are largely unknown. Here we show that human basophils produce IL-13 in response to IgE-receptor (IgER) crosslinking, IL-3, IL-3 plus C5a. but not C5a alone. Human basophils express IL-13 in a restricted manner since, apart from IL-4, no other cytokines e...

type of application. It is not clear whether rapamycin administration is helpful for other promising vector platforms used for in vivo transduction, for example, adeno-associated virus and retargeted retroviral vectors pseudotyped with modified measles virus envelope, as they seem to use clathrin-independent entry pathways. Furthermore, future studies have to prove the effectiveness of rapamyci...

Previously, we found that murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (M01 induced in vitro by M0-specific colonystimulating factor (M-CSF) have little capacity to release prostaglandin E, (PGE,) and other eicosanoids. This work focused on the functional and transcriptional expression of the key enzymes for the PGE, synthesis in the MO. Nonadherent bone marrow cells were cultured with RPM1 1640 plu...