The greenhouse effect can be defined as the consequence of increased heating of the Earth's surface, as well as the lower atmosphere by carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other trace amounts gases. It is well-known that human industrial activities have released large amounts of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, about 900 billion tons of carbon dioxide, and it is estimated that up to 450 billion...

1) there is a natural greenhouse effect that keeps the world warmer than it otherwise would be; 2) greenhouse gases are increasing in the atmosphere because of human activities and they are trapping increasingly more heat; 3) there is a collective picture of a warming world and humans have likely contributed; and 4) continued increase in greenhouse gases is projected to lead to increases in sea...

Soil properties and soil-atmosphere fluxes of CO2, CH4 and N2O from four coastal wetlands were studied throughout the year, namely, native Kandelia obovata mangrove forest vs. exotic Sonneratia apetala mangrove forest, and native Cyperus malaccensis salt marsh vs. exotic Spartina alterniflora salt marsh. Soils of the four wetlands were all net sources of greenhouse gases while Sonneratia forest...

The continuous increase in the number of reservoirs globally has raised important questions about the environmental impact of their greenhouse gases emissions. In particular, the littoral zone may be a hotspot for production of greenhouse gases. We investigated the spatiotemporal variation of CO2 flux at the littoral zone of a Chinese reservoir along a wet-to-dry transect from permanently flood...

Methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), and halocarbons are greenhouse gases (GHG) that are able to trap heat in the atmosphere by radiating less heat into the space and increase the effect of solar and thermal radiation on surface and atmospheric temperatures (Knapp et al., 2014). In 2014, total U.S. GHG emissions measured 6,870 million metric tons of CO2 equivalents. Agricul...

What do we need to know about greenhouse gases? Over the next 20 years, how should scientists study the role of greenhouse gases in the Earth system and the changes that are taking place? These questions were addressed at a Royal Society scientific Discussion Meeting in London on 22-23 February 2010, with over 300 participants.

In the coming years, humans will have choices to make about where we get the fuel that powers our lights for us to see at night, our stoves for our hot meals, our water heaters for our warm baths, and even our cars. These choices will affect the air we breathe: burning fuel often causes pollution, like the smog found in cities, and almost always leads to more greenhouse gases in the air. Smog a...