Emerging Infectious Diseases • www.cdc.gov/eid • Vol. 10, No. 10, October 2004 1883 inhibition against the following influenza antigens: A/NewCalidonia/ 20/99, A/Wuhan/371/91, A/Sydney/5/ 97, A/Panama/2007/99, B/Sichuan/ 379/99, and B/Harbin/7/94. A diagnosis of influenza was made based on seroconversion with at least a fourfold rise in antibody titer. Based on seroconversion, the influenza att...

The Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca (Hajj) is one of the five pillars Islam and a duty which Muslims must perform—once in lifetime—if they are physically financially able do so. In Morocco, from where thousands pilgrims travel every year, Hajj often represents culmination years preparation planning, both spiritual logistical. Pilgrims describe their journey as transformative experience. Upon success...

Tuberculosis (TB) is now the most common infectious cause of death worldwide. In 2014, an estimated 9.6 million people developed active TB. There were an estimated three million people with active TB including 360000 with multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) who were not diagnosed, and such people continue to fuel TB transmission in the community. Accurate data on the actual burden of TB and the tra...

Hajj pilgrimage is a nobligation for every Muslim that must be carried out at least once in their lifetime. Every year, more than 3 million pilgrims from over 180 countries travel to worship within confined area of twelve kilometres Makkah, Kingdom Saudi Arabia (KSA). The host country and participating need institute effective measures safer healthier pilgrimage. In the immediate season during ...

ABSTRACT This article analyses how the state in Senegal has managed hajj since liberalisation era early 2000s. Although essence of is religious, it also deeply political and requires that manages complex relations with pilgrims, religious leaders, private travel agencies, politicians Saudi authorities. argues three inter-related imperatives structure conduct Senegalese state: a security imperat...

Invasive meningococcal disease is a recognized public health problem worldwide, with a dynamic and changeable epidemiology. In Turkey, the second most common pathogenic meningococcal serogroup (after serogroup B) is W-135, including an epidemic in 2005, which has been strongly associated with Hajj pilgrims and their close contacts. In two studies conducted in 2010, we assessed meningococcal car...

BACKGROUND Some Iranian pilgrims are referred to Iran because of catching a new disease or exacerbation of their disease during the Hajj ceremony. These diseases need prolonged and specialized treatments. Investigation of the reasons led to their return to Iran is useful and effective in policy-making and planning of preventive health services. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the c...

This paper looks at how the Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca (the Hajj) adapted novel circumstances created by COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021. The has been an entirely and, probably, dominant liminal situation which significantly affected behavior of faithful way their individual identity transformed, least psychological sense. Following introductory overview, provides a brief description ritual ...