This paper describes a dust modeling technique. An empirical method is used to visually simulate the effect of dust accumulation on object surfaces. The dust amount is first predicted based on the properties of the surfaces: the surface inclination and stickiness. This predicted amount is then adjusted according to some external factors: surface exposure to wind and scraping off by other object...

The spin-orbit interaction in a solid couples the spin of an electron to its momentum. This coupling gives rise to mutual conversion between spin and charge currents: the direct and inverse spin Hall effects. The spin Hall effects have been observed in metals and semiconductors. However, the spin/charge conversion has not been realized in one of the most fundamental semiconductors, silicon, whe...

Large-scale resistive Hall-magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the transition from Sweet-Parker (collisional) to Hall (collisionless) magnetic reconnection are presented; the first to separate secondary islands from collisionless effects. Three main results are described. There exists a regime with secondary islands but without collisionless effects, and the reconnection rate is faster than Swee...

Abstract Spin current is a very important tensor quantity in spintronics. However, the well-known spin-Hall effect (SHE) can only generate few of its components whose propagating and polarization directions are perpendicular with each other to an applied charge current. It highly desirable applications spin currents be any possible direction. Here anomalous SHE inverse (ISHE) magnetic systems p...