One characteristic of biological organisms that is desirable in engineering systems is the ability to tolerate faults in their components. Fault tolerance in artificial cellular systems is generally achieved by either timeredundancy or hardware-redundancy. In hardware redundancy spare cells are introduced so that when an active cell fails, a spare substitutes it. In the embryonic hardware archi...

Train control system is a vital system due to controlling the speed and interlocking of train in railway. The train control system is designed by double module or triple module system as a vital system. Hardware redundancy means to use additional hardware to defect and tolerant faults. There are three forms of hardware redundancy: passive, active and hybrid. Passive redundancy architecture achi...

Failure risk must be tiny in high-integrity systems, such as those cars, satellites and aircraft. Hence, safety measures deployed to avoid a single fault leading failure. Redundancy has been often used address this concern, but it proven insufficient if can cause the same error all redundant elements, which defeats purpose of redundancy for detection. scenario, diversity is implemented along wi...

Fault tolerance is often considered as a good additional feature for multiprocessor systems but nowadays it is becoming an essential attribute. Fault tolerance can be achieved by the use of dedicated customized hardware that may have the disadvantage of large cost. Another approach to fault tolerance is to exploit existing redundancy in multiprocessor systems via a task scheduling software stra...

In tills work, we analyze the effects of hardware faults on the performance of computer-implemented signal detectors, as measured by the probability of detection and the probability of false alarm. We derive performance bounds for three implementations: (i) no redundancy, (ii) error masking through strict redundancy, and (iii) error detection and masking through strict redundancy.

Effects of radiation on electronic circuits used in extra-terrestrial applications and radiation prone environments need to be corrected. Since FPGAs offer flexibility, the effects of radiation on them need to be studied and robust methods of fault tolerance need to be devised. In this paper a new fault-tolerant design strategy has been presented. This strategy exploits the relation between cha...

With the advent of 10 nm CMOS devices and “exotic” nanodevices, the location and occurrence time of hardware defects and design faults become increasingly unpredictable, therefore posing severe challenges to existing techniques for error-resilient computing because most of them statically assign hardware redundancy and do not account for the error tolerance inherently existing in many mission-c...

The computing resources used in safety-critical systems have stringent timing requirements due to mission critical nature of their tasks. A fault in these systems could lead to mission failure and catastrophic consequences. To avoid this various redundancy schemes are built in to mission critical applications to ensure the overall success of the system. The usual industrial practice is to emplo...

Concentration of design effort for current single-chip Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) microprocessors has been directed towards performance. Reliability has not been the primary focus. As supply voltage scales to accommodate technology scaling and to lower power consumption, transient errors are more likely to be introduced. The basic idea behind any error tolerance scheme involves some type o...