conclusions: there are important deficits in adolescents’ knowledge about hbv that requires attention of health educators to tailor educational programs for specific groups. objectives: the aim of this study was to assess iranian adolescents’ knowledge about hepatitis b (hbv) and associated factors. patients and methods: we conducted a questionnaire-based national survey of 18-year-old adolesce...

BACKGROUND Despite continued national and international efforts, access to improved water and sanitation remains limited in many developing countries. The health consequences of lacking access to water and sanitation are severe, and particularly important for child development. METHODS To investigate the associations between child health and access to water and sanitation, we merged all avail...

Multivariate failure time data arise frequently in survival analysis. A commonly used technique is the working independence estimator for marginal hazard models. Two natural questions are how to improve the efficiency of the working independence estimator and how to identify the situations under which such an estimator has high statistical efficiency. In this paper, three weighted estimators ar...

OBJECTIVE To compare health resource utilization in patients with diabetes between the U.S. and Canada. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We combined measures of health care utilization, personal, demographic, health status, functional status, and comorbid conditions from the current National Health Interview Survey (U.S.) and the National Public Health Survey (Canada). A binary logistic regression...

BACKGROUND Non-response in health surveys may lead to bias in estimates of health care utilisation. The magnitude, direction and composition of the bias are usually not well known. When data from health surveys are merged with data from registers at the individual level, analyses can reveal non-response bias. Our aim was to estimate the composition, direction and magnitude of non-response bias ...

BACKGROUND The European Community respiratory health survey is examining the prevalence of asthma and risk factors for asthma. AIM As part of this multinational survey, a study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of asthma and asthma-like symptoms in young adults living in Cambridge, Ipswich and Norwich using a postal questionnaire. METHOD A previously validated symptom questionnaire...

This supplement presents a collection of articles based on the National Survey on Access, Use and Promotion of Rational Use of Medicines in Brazil (PNAUM). Since there is not a centralized control system for the supply of medicines in this Country, unlike many developed countries, the information obtained via population surveys are essential for evaluating the current situation of access to med...