The Trapezoidal Rule with second order Backward Difference Formula (TR-BDF2) time stepping method was applied to the Black-Scholes PDE for option pricing. It is proved that TR-BDF2 time stepping method is unconditionally stable, and compared to the usual Crank-Nicolson time stepping method, the TR-BDF2 shows fewer oscillations when computing the derivatives of the solution, which are important ...

Abstract This paper aims to improve summer power generation of the Yeywa Hydropower Reservoir in Myanmar using modified multi-step ahead time-varying hedging (TVH) rule as a case study. The results TVH rules were compared with standard operation policy (SOP) rule, binary (BSOP) discrete (DH) (SH) one-point (OPH) and two-point (TPH) rule. Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm (MOGA) was utilized dri...

In this paper, a many-objective optimization algorithm was developed using SPEA2 for system of four reservoirs in the Karun basin, including hydropower, municipal and industrial, agricultural, environmental objectives. For purpose, 53 years available data, hedging rules were two modes: with without applying fuzzy logic. used to optimize coefficients first 43 data last 10 test optimized rule cur...

this study examined the effect of explicit instruction of hedging on english forspecific academic purposes (esap) reading comprehension performance ofenglish language learning (ell) university students. a reading comprehensiontest was developed and validated as the pretest and the posttest. the test, includingitems for assessing the comprehension of the students in their area of specialization,...

This paper examines whether a rule-based expert system is capable of outperforming the general property market, as well as randomly constructed portfolios from the market. While neural network expert systems have been used in property research, there appears little in the literature on the application of rule-based expert systems. Secondly, the paper considers whether there are benefits to inte...

In this paper we provide a new insight of the previous work of Grosen and Jørgensen [2002]. More precisely, firstly, we investigate the impact of regulatory authorities’ rules on the fair value of company’s liabilities and assets. We study how to choose regulation intervention levels in order to control the shortfall probability of the issuing company. The fact that the regulation rule depends ...

When faced with a variable environment, organisms may switch between different strategies according to some probabilistic rule. In an infinite population, evolution is expected to favor the rule that maximizes geometric mean fitness. If some environments are encountered only rarely, selection may not be strong enough for optimal switching probabilities to evolve. Here we calculate the evolution...