background the hepatitis delta virus (hdv) was first discovered by rizzetto in 1977 in a patient with chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection. in 1980, it was shown that hdv was an infectious agent responsible for exacerbation of liver disease in patients with hepatitis. objectives the aim of this study was to determine the seroreactivity of, and to molecularly detect, hdv among hemodialysis ...

abstract background: restless leg syndrome prevalence is high among the patients undergoing hemodialysis. due to several side effects of medicational treatments, the patients prefer non-medicational methods. therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of two methods of reflexology and stretching exercises on the severity of restless leg syndrome among patients undergoing hemod...

background: studies suggest that family caregivers of hemodialysis patients experience a high level of burden, which could lead to numerous physical and psychological problems. despite the need for adequate training and support, these caregivers are mostly neglected, and few studies have been performed in this regard. aim: to evaluate the effect of educational programs on the home care of hemod...

background: the family caregivers of patients undergoing hemodialysis have a major role in the care of patients at home. the study results indicate that these caregivers face with multiple problems regarding responsibilities and issues arising from the care and treatment of the patients.these issues decrease their quality of lives. however, these caregivers are mostly neglected andno studies ar...

background and purpose: pain perception with arteriovenous fistula (avf) cannulation is a major concern among patients undergoing hemodialysis. this study aimed to compare the efficacy of cryotherapy and placebo in the reduction of avf puncture-related pain in hemodialysis patients. methods: this randomized clinical trial was conducted on 50 patients undergoing hemodialysis selected via random ...

patients and methods in this cross-sectional study, the hemoglobin levels of 52 patients with end-stage renal disease were measured before and after hemodialysis. the required erythropoietin doses and the differences in cost were calculated based on the hemoglobin levels before and after hemodialysis. a model to predict the adjusted erythropoietin dosages based on post-hemodialysis hemoglobin l...

conclusions it seems that to achieve the patients' comfort during the hemodialysis procedure, the health care teams, hospitals in charge and the patients themselves have to do their best to provide the patients' comfort. results three themes emerged: the presence of competent nurses, the delightful presence of the others, and coping with comfort obstacles. each theme consisted of some categorie...

conclusions one in five patients undergoing maintenance dialysis in hamadan is seropositive for hepatitis e immunoglobulin g antibody. future studies are needed to investigate the factors contributing to the observed high prevalence rate and the possibility of parenteral transmission of hepatitis e. results thirty patients (19.2%), were seropositive. seropositive patients were not significantly...

Background and aim: Pruritus is a common disabling problem in patients with end stage renal disease. Several studies has recorded the relation between pruritus with hemodialysis in chronic renal failure (CRF) patients. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of hemodialysis on pruritus of patients with CRF.Materials and Methods: After recording the demographic data and the diagnosis of d...

abstract background: hemodialysis is the most common renal replacement therapy in the world, and hemodialysis adequacy is an important and influencial factor in the reduction of various complications experienced by these patients. multiple factors influence hemodialysis adequacy. this study was conducted to determine hemodialysis adequacy and its relationship with individual and personal factor...