Hepatitis E virus (HEV) was discovered during the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan in the 1980s, after an outbreak of unexplained hepatitis at a military camp. A pooled faecal extract from affected soldiers was ingested by a member of the research team. He became sick, and the new virus (named HEV), was detected in his stool by electron microscopy. Subsequently, endemic HEV has been identified ...

From the Liver Disease Research Branch, Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (J.H.H.), and the Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R.H.P.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; and the Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Bal...

Hepatitis E has a world-wide distribution and causes substantial morbidity and mortality in some developing countries, particularly among pregnant women. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) has recently been cloned and sequenced, and new diagnostic tests have been developed. These tests have been used to begin to characterize the natural history and epidemiological features of HEV infection. Experimental v...

conclusions elevated aminotransferases in chb patients are most commonly caused by exacerbation of chb. nevertheless, when hbv dna is not elevated, other reasons should be excluded. amongst others, superinfection with another hepatotropic virus can be the reason for decompensation of chronic hepatitis b. this case report describes an asymptomatic hev superinfection followed by a flare in hbv re...

BACKGROUND Hepatitis E is caused by two viral genotype groups: human types and zoonotic types. Current understanding of the epidemiology of the zoonotic hepatitis E disease is founded largely on hospital-based studies. METHODS The epidemiology of hepatitis E was investigated in a community-based surveillance study conducted over one year in a rural city in eastern China with a registered popu...

Introduction: Acute viral hepatitis is a relatively common infection resulting in hospital attendance after foreign travel. Travellers and doctors are generally aware of hepatitis A and the fact that safe and effective immunisation is available. In contrast, there is no widely available vaccine for hepatitis E and most physicians’ experience with this condition is limited. Over the last few yea...

background hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is a self-limited hepatitis and the most common cause of acute adult hepatitis in asia. young adults and middle-aged populations are more likely to be infected than other age groups. objectives the aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of anti-hev among injection drug users (idus) compared to non-idus. patients and methods this was a ...

background: raw sewage contains various pathogenic organisms including bacteria, viruses, fungus, worms and protozoa. workers at wastewater treatment plants (wwtps) are exposed to these organisms as well as to h2s gas causing many health hazards. objectives: to assess some work-related health effects among wwtps workers with special emphasis on the most common infections as well as cardiopulmon...

conclusions this study showed that the prevalence rates of hav and hev antibodies were positively correlated with age. the results demonstrated that the infection with these two viruses in the region was high and some high-risk individuals including females at child-bearing age were more susceptible. hav vaccination could be recommended for antibody-negative adults. results the results showed t...