Hepatosplenic candidiasis also known as chronic disseminated candidiasis is a rare manifestation of invasive fungal infection typically observed in patients with acute leukemia in prolonged, deep neutropenia. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is an inflammatory disorder triggered by rapid resolution of neutropenia. Diagnosis and treatment of IRIS are still challenging due to a ...

A retrospective study of 23 patients with acute leukaemia and hepatosplenic candidiasis (HSC) was conducted to evaluate clinical treatment characteristics in terms of amount and duration of antifungal agents and to assess treatment outcome. Patients were admitted to two major tertiary care centres between 1990 and 1998. The diagnosis of HSC was based on clinical, blood cultures, histologic and ...

A 33-year-old man with acute myeloid leukaemia developed neutropenic fever after induction chemotherapy with cytarabine and daunorubicin. The first blood culture was positive for Escherichia coli and the patient was treated with imipenem (500 mg every 6 hours intravenously [IV]). However, the fever persisted and liver function tests were deranged; alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was 166 U/L (referen...