The theory of contact mechanics deals with stresses and deformations which arise when the surfaces of two solid bodies are brought into contact. In elastic deformation contact occurs over a finite area. A regular method for determining the dimensions of this area is Hertz Contact Model. Appearance of atomic force microscope results in introduction of Contact ...

The objective of this study was to establish a rock physics model of North Sea Paleogene greensand. The Hertz-Mindlin contact model is widely used to calculate elastic velocities of sandstone as well as to calculate the initial sand-pack modulus of the soft-sand, stiff-sand, and intermediate-stiff-sand models. When mixed minerals in rock are quite different, e.g., mixtures of quartz and glaucon...

in this paper, the propagation of the waves in the laminated composite plates which is subjected to low velocity impact is investigated using the finite element method. a rigid metallic projectile with spherical nose is considered and the impact of this projectile with laminated composite is studied in this study. considering a finite element model the governing equations of the problem is disc...

The prediction quality of discrete element method (DEM) models for railway ballast can be expected to depend on three points: the geometry representation of the single particles, the used contact models and the parametrisation using principal experiments. This works aims at a balanced approach, where none of the points is addressed with excessive depth. In a first step, a simple geometry repres...

Experimentally it is known that the bulk modulus K and shear modulus m of a granular assembly of elastic spheres increase with pressure p faster than the p1 3 law predicted by effective medium theory (EMT) based on Hertz-Mindlin contact forces. To understand the origin of these discrepancies, we perform numerical simulations of granular aggregates under compression. We show that EMT can describ...

A conclusive demonstration has been provided that the nature of the shearthinning, that affects both film thickness and traction in EHL contacts, follows the ordinary power-law rule that has been described by many empirical models of which Carreau is but one example. This was accomplished by accurate measurements in viscometers of the shear response of a PAO that possesses a very low critical s...

in the present research, in contrast to the available papers, not only the superelasticity but also the shape memory effects are taken into account in determination of the impact responses. at the same time, in addition to modifying brinson’s model for the shape memory alloys (smas), to include new parameters and loading events, and hertz contact law, distributions of the sma phases are conside...

The Hertz contact law for two linear elastic spheres plays a very important role in the discrete element method (DEM). Within classic theory, strain energy distribution contacting is analytically derived, which states that ratio between energies stored solely dependent on their material properties, regardless of radii. This generally valid non-spherical and other cases, provided surfaces can be...