Abstract Background Heterobranchia is a diverse clade of marine, freshwater, and terrestrial gastropod molluscs. It includes such disparate taxa as nudibranchs, sea hares, bubble snails, pulmonate land snails slugs, number (mostly small-bodied) poorly known slugs collectively referred to the “lower heterobranchs”. Evolutionary relationships within have been challenging resolve group has subject...

Four genera of Haminoeidae gastropods inhabiting the tropical West Pacific (Aliculastrum, Atys, Diniatys, and Liloa) were studied based on the combined analyses of live animals, external morphology, anatomy and shells aided by scanning electron microscopy and molecular sequencing. Eleven species are described including two new to Science, namely Atys pittmani sp. nov. and Atys ukulele sp. nov.....

Phyllodesmium longicirrum is the largest aeolidoidean species known to date, and extremely rich in terpenoid chemistry. Herein we report the isolation of a total of 19 secondary metabolites from a single specimen of this species, i.e., steroids 1-4, cembranoid diterpenes 5-13, complex biscembranoids 14 and 15, and the chatancin-type diterpenes 16-19. These compounds resemble those from soft cor...

Current knowledge on the pyramidellids from southern tip of South America appears restricted to a couple species described in beginning 20th century and few taxa subsequently reported this area, including some recognized as new, but never formally described. This study fills gap by performing first revision diversity Pyramidellidae occurring Magellanic Province. The material for arises extant c...

The “solar-powered” Elysia timida (Risso, 1818) is an endemic Mediterranean sacoglossan living in rocky substrates at shallow water. During a scuba dive, one E. was photographed and collected. observation revealed the presence of small crustacean Pinnotheridae family. It not possible to assign genus, but it shares typical ecological external morphological features with other Pinnotherinae speci...