Millstream systems are a non-hierarchical model of natural language. We describe an incremental method for building Millstream configurations while reading a sentence. This method is based on a lexicon associating words and graph transformation rules.

In this work we give a detailed comparison of the impact of the integration of discriminative and trigger-based lexicon models in state-ofthe-art hierarchical and conventional phrasebased statistical machine translation systems. As both types of extended lexicon models can grow very large, we apply certain restrictions to discard some of the less useful information. We show how these restrictio...

This paper discusses an approach to augmenting a lexicon for knowledge-based machine translation (KBMT) with information derived from WordNet. The Mikrokosmos project at NMSU's Computing Research Laboratory has concentrated on the creation of the Spanish and Japanese lexicons, so the English lexicon is less developed. We investigated using WordNet as a means to automate portions of the English ...

In this paper, we investigate lexicon models for hierarchical phrase-based statistical machine translation. We study five types of lexicon models: a model which is extracted from word-aligned training data and—given the word alignment matrix—relies on pure relative frequencies [1]; the IBM model 1 lexicon [2]; a regularized version of IBM model 1; a triplet lexicon model variant [3]; and a disc...

The Japanese language has various types of functional expressions. In order to organize Japanese functional expressions with various surface forms, a lexicon of Japanese functional expressions with hierarchical organization was compiled. This paper proposes how to design the framework of identifying more than 16,000 functional expressions in Japanese texts by utilizing hierarchical organization...

While still influential, the view that concepts are organized as a hierarchical taxonomy as proposed by Rosch (1973) has been challenged on several occasions. For example, some studies have attributed a larger role to thematic relations (Gentner and Kurtz, 2005; Lin and Murphy, 2001), whereas others have stressed the role of affect in structuring word meaning (Niedenthal et al., 1999). A compre...

We present the results of an investigation into how the set of elementary trees of a Lexicalized Tree Adjoining Grammar can be represented in the lexical knowledge representation language DATR (Evans & Gazdar 1989a,b). The LTAG under consideration is based on the one described in Abeille et al. (1990). Our approach is similar to that of Vijay-Shanker & Schabes (1992) in that we formulate an inh...

We present Jane, RWTH’s hierarchical phrase-based translation system, which has been open sourced for the scientific community. This system has been in development at RWTH for the last two years and has been successfully applied in different machine translation evaluations. It includes extensions to the hierarchical approach developed by RWTH as well as other research institutions. In this pape...

In this paper we present a method to extract bilingual terminologies from comparable non-aligned corpora, by using multiple linguistic knowledge sources, such as: non-parallel corpora, bilingual thesauri, a preliminary bilingual dictionary, etc... We focus on two core technologies: bilingual lexicon extraction from comparable corpora and expansion through thesauri categories based on different ...

According to the storage hypothesis (Kail & Leonard, 1986), word-finding deficits in young children are not the direct results of deficient retrieval strategies; they are a manifestation of a general delay in language development that affects lexical storage. In the current study, we explored one aspect of lexical storage, the hierarchical organization of the semantic system, in 13 preschoolers...