Cell death occurs by apoptosis during programmed deletion of cells and following exposure to cytotoxic agents. Central to the mechanism of apoptosis is internucleosomal DNA digestion by an endogenous endonuclease which is thought to mediate cell death. An axiom of apoptosis is that the endonuclease involved is a Ca2+/Mg(2+)-dependent endonuclease. During purification of endonucleases from Chine...

background: as a dna repair protein, flap endonuclease 1 is a key enzyme in maintaining genomic instability and preventing carcinogenesis. two single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps), -69g>a and 4150g>t are associated with dna damage. this meta-analysis is to evaluate the genetic effects of fen1 gene snps (-69g/a and 4150g/t) and the susceptibility to diseases, including glioma risk, breast canc...

the genus of salmonella is very polymorphic and comprised of a number of genetically closely related serotypes. it is one of the emerging pathogen in food-borne disease which is often found in contaminated chicken eggs. salmonella enterica is considered one of the major pathogens in public health worldwide. a total of 31 salmonella isolates identified by specific antisera, which included salmon...

Introduction: Age-related cataract is the leading cause of blindness in world. (AP)-endonuclease APE1 and X-ray cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) are key enzymes taking part repair DNA damage. The association AP endonuclease-1 (APE1) plays a critical role as polymorphisms genes decreasing ability to damage, leaving human body greatly increased susceptibility cancer or age-related diseases.&#x...

Homing endonuclease genes are mobile elements that promote their duplication into cognate sites that lack the endonuclease gene [1, 2]. The homing endonuclease initiates this event through site-specific DNA cleavage. Copying of the endonuclease gene follows as a consequence of DNA repair. A genome containing a homing endonuclease gene is subject to self-cleavage. Protection is accomplished thro...

Activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and subsequent translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor contribute to caspase-independent neuronal injury from N-methyl-d-aspartate, oxygen-glucose deprivation, and ischemic stroke. Some studies have implicated endonuclease G in the DNA fragmentation associated with caspase-independent cell death. Here, we compared wild-type and endonuclease G ...

Mobile group I introns are hypothesized to have arisen after invasion by endonuclease-encoding open reading frames (ORFs), which mediate their mobility. Consistent with an endonuclease-ORF invasion event, we report similarity between exon junction sequences (the recognition site for the mobility endonuclease) and intron sequences flanking the endonuclease ORF in the sunY gene of phage T4. Furth...

An endonuclease IV homolog was identified as the product of a conceptual open reading frame in the genome of the hyperthermophilic bacterium Thermotoga maritima. The T. maritima endonuclease IV gene encodes a 287-amino-acid protein with 32% sequence identity to Escherichia coli endonuclease IV. The gene was cloned, and the expressed protein was purified and shown to have enzymatic activities th...

Endonuclease V is an enzyme that initiates a conserved DNA repair pathway by making an endonucleolytic incision at the 3'-side 1 nt from a deaminated base lesion. DNA cleavage analysis using mutants defective in DNA binding and Mn(2+) as a metal cofactor reveals a novel 3'-exonuclease activity in endonuclease V [Feng,H., Dong,L., Klutz,A.M., Aghaebrahim,N. and Cao,W. (2005) Defining amino acid ...