The electrostatic hazards of nitramine explosives (RDX, HMX) were assessed in this paper. The resistivities of different particle-size RDX and HMX were tested by a device designed and manufactured according to the standard ISO/ IEC 80079-20-2:2016. This work shows that the resistivities of uncompacted RDX and HMX increase as the particle size decreases. Charging characteristics test experiments...

Organic mulch is a complex organic material that is typically populated with its own consortium of microorganisms. The organisms in mulch breakdown complex organics to soluble carbon, which can then be used by these and other microorganisms as an electron donor for treating RDX and HMX via reductive pathways. A bench-scale treatability study with organic mulch was conducted for the treatment of...

A continuum thermomechanochemical model of the behavior of a plastic-bonded explosive PBX 9501 formulation consisting of the energetic crystal octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine HMX embedded in a polymeric binder is developed. Our main focus is on the study of the ↔ phase transformations PTs in crystalline HMX under a complex pressure-temperature path. To reproduce the pressure-te...

We introduce a melded chemical and computational approach for probing and modeling higher-order intramolecular tertiary interactions in RNA. 2'-Hydroxyl molecular interference (HMX) identifies nucleotides in highly packed regions of an RNA by exploiting the ability of bulky adducts at the 2'-hydroxyl position to disrupt overall RNA structure. HMX was found to be exceptionally selective for quan...

Numerical simulations of the heating with constant rate of a PBX plastic-bonded explosive 9501 formulation consisting of the energetic crystal HMX embedded in a polymeric binder inside of a rigid cylinder is performed. The continuum thermo-mechanochemical model of the behavior of a PBX 9501 developed in the preceding paper V. I. Levitas, B. F. Henson, L. B. Smilowitz, D. K. Zerkle, and B. W. As...

Three species of the family Enterobacteriaceae that biochemically reduced hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) were isolated from nitramine explosive-contaminated soil. Two isolates, identified as Morganella morganii and Providencia rettgeri, completely transformed both RDX and the nitroso-RDX reduction intermediates. The third...

In order to achieve a clean synthesis process of HMX,nitrolysis of DPT in two nitration systems was investigated.Nitrolysis of DPT in N2O5/organic solvent systems was investigatedto yield little HMX but mainly complex by-products with lowmelting point, indicating that the solutions of N2O5 in organicsolvents was not suitable for this process. Nitrolysis in N2O5/HNO3syste...

To improve the mechanistic understanding of the possible decomposition in the gas phase of the energetic material HMX (octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine), we used ab initio calculations to determine the various unimolecular decomposition channels. We find three distinct mechanisms: (i) homolytic cleavage of N-N bond to form NO2 (M ) 46) and HMR (M ) 250) which subsequently decomp...