The writers of this paper see the current highway design standards as a two-dimensional projection which the horizontal and vertical alignments are treated separately. A model developed in this paper considers and study the sight distance as a three-dimensional alignment on the design requirements. The paper examines the required minimum radius of a horizontal curve combined with a crest or sag...

This paper presents a new action-based shape model concept for road horizontal shape recognition using monocular color image obtained by vehicle-mounted camera. It classifies the road horizontal shape into straight, curve, curve-in and curve-out four models in order to obtain the simple road shape description relating to the vehicle control actions directly. Contrary to other road shape recogni...

Given the periodicity of our model problem, it suffices to consider a single period cell (the dotted square in Figure 1), which has side length d. The front of the evolving step in this cell can be described by a simple 1D curve in the plane. We first discretize this 1D curve in space with N grid points, (xi, yi), i = 1, 2, . . . , N , which are uniformly spaced with respect to the arc length, ...

battery pack is the main energy storage element, and directly affects the performance of electric vehicle. this paper selects the forced air cooling of horizontal battery pack as the study object, and researches the heat dissipation performance of different operating conditions with fleunt software. results indicate that: according to the four kinds of transient state conditions and steady stat...

We derive a hybrid feedback control law for the lateral leg spring (LLS) model so that the center of mass of a legged runner follows a curved path in horizontal plane. The control law enables the runner to change the placement and the elasticity of its legs to move in a desired direction. Stable motion along a curved path is achieved using curvature, bearing and relative distance between the ru...

Generally, both horizontal and vertical boom motion must be used to suppress the load sway caused by horizontal boom motion of a rotary crane. However, it would be less energy intensive and also safer if a control scheme could be developed that only used horizontal boom motion, i.e., without the need for any vertical boom motion. In addition, if load sway can be suppressed without measuring it,...

The spaceM of nondegenerate, properly embedded minimal surfaces in R3 with finite total curvature and fixed topology is an analytic lagrangian submanifold of Cn, where n is the number of ends of the surface. In this paper we give two expressions, one integral and the other pointwise, for the second fundamental form of this submanifold. We also consider the compact boundary case, and we show tha...

FIGURES Figures 1 through 3: Train using unmodified BP on training set t, and feed input x into the resultant net. The horizontal axis gives the output you get. If t and x were still used but training had been with modified BP, the output would have been the value on the vertical axis. In succession, the three figures have α = .6, .4, .4, and m = 1, 4, 1. Figure 3. Figure 4: The horizontal axis...