objective(s): atherosclerosis is a chronic immune-inflammatory disease that generally leads to ischemic heart disease. ghrelin has several modulatory effects on cardiovascular system. in this study, we investigated the effect of ghrelin on aortic intima-media thickness, size and the number of adipocyte cells in obese and control mice. materials and methods:this study was conducted on 24 male c5...

Primary culture of adipose tissue has often been used to investigate pharmacological and nutritional regulation of adipocyte gene expression. Possible alteration of adipocyte gene expression by primary culture on its own has not been explored in detail. In order to address this issue, explants were prepared from human subcutaneous adipose tissue recovered from plastic surgery and maintained for...

INTRODUCTION Hypoxia regulates adipocyte metabolism. Hexosamine biosynthesis is implicated in murine 3T3L1 adipocyte differentiation and is a possible underlying mechanism for hypoxia's effects on adipocyte metabolism. METHODS Lipid metabolism was studied in human visceral and subcutaneous adipocytes in in vitro hypoxic culture with adipophilic staining, glycerol release, and palmitate oxidat...

objective(s): atherosclerosis is an important risk factor for coronary heart disease. neuropeptide y (npy) and its receptors, located in peripheral tissue such as white adipose tissue, have been linked to obesity and fat storage. the role of npy in atherosclerosis has not yet been fully studied, so this study was conducted to further investigate the effect of biie 0246, an npy receptor antagoni...

The oxidative phosphorylation system is important for adipocyte differentiation. Therefore, xenobiotics inhibitors of the oxidative phosphorylation system could affect adipocyte differentiation and adipokine secretion. As adipokines impact the overall health status, these xenobiotics may have wide effects on human health. Some of these xenobiotics are widely used therapeutic drugs, such as ribo...

Human mesenchymal stem cells are primary multipotent cells capable of differentiating into several cell types including adipocytes when cultured under defined in vitro conditions. In the present study we investigated the role of cAMP signaling and its downstream effectors, protein kinase A (PKA) and exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac) in adipocyte conversion of human mesenchymal ...

In human and mice adipose tissue, lactoferrin (LTF) has been found to be associated with increased adipogenesis and decreased inflammatory markers. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of LTF knockdown (KD) in human adipocyte differentiation. In addition, the effects of exogenous LTF administration and iron chelation [using deferoxamine (DFO, 10 μM)] were tested. In both subcutaneous and v...

Objective(s): Atherosclerosis is a chronic immune-inflammatory disease that generally leads to ischemic heart disease. Ghrelin has several modulatory effects on cardiovascular system. In this study, we investigated the effect of ghrelin on aortic intima-media thickness, size and the number of adipocyte cells in obese and control mice. Materials and Methods:This study was conducted on 24 male C...

Adipocyte differentiation is driven by the expression and activation of three transcription factor families: the differentially expressed CAAT/enhancer binding proteins (C/EBPs) a, b, and d; the helix-loop-helix adipocyte differentiation and determination factor-1; and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor g (PPARg), expressed as two isoforms, PPARg1 and the adipocyte-specific PPARg2. Over...

Dietary calcium inhibits adiposity, and a key underlying mechanism is suppression of calcitriol, which modulates Ca(2+) signaling and mitochondrial uncoupling in adipocytes. We demonstrated that calcitriol directly regulates adipocyte 11beta-HSD-1 expression and cortisol production in human adipocytes in vitro and dietary calcium inhibits visceral adipose tissue 11beta-HSD-1 expression in mice,...