a new hybrid modal-moment method is proposed to calculate fields penetrated through small apertures on rectangular metallic enclosures. first, the method of moments is used to numerically solve the governing electric field integral equation for the equivalent two-dimensional surface-current distributions on the surface of metallic enclosure including any number of rectangular apertures of arbit...

Since its invention in the 1960s, computed tomography (CT) has become an indispensable technique of biomedical imaging. Numerous modalities have been introduced since then, including the traditional Xray CT scan, SPECT, MRI, Optical-, Ultrasound-, and Electrical Impedance Tomography, with many others being currently developed. All these techniques are used to obtain images of the internal struc...

Solving efficiently large benchmarks of NP-hard permutation-based problems requires the development of hybrid methods combining different classes of optimization methods. Indeed, it is now acknowledged that such methods perform better than traditional optimization methods when used separately. The key challenge is how to find connections between the divergent search strategies used in each clas...

a numerical method for solving variational problems is presented in this paper. the method is based upon hybrid of hartley functions approximations. the properties of hybrid functions which are the combinations of block-pulse functions and hartley functions are first presented. the operational matrix of integration is then utilized to reduce the variational problems to the solution of algebraic...

The modeling and analysis of hybrid systems is a recent and challenging research area which is actually dominated by two main lines: a functional analysis based on the description of the system in terms of discrete state (hybrid) automata (whose goal is to ascertain conformity and reachability properties), and a stochastic analysis (whose aim is to provide performance and dependability measures...

Hybrid automata have been introduced in both control engineering and computer science as a formal model for the dynamics of hybrid discrete-continuous systems. In the case of so-called linear hybrid automata this formalization supports semi-decision procedures for state reachability, yet no decision procedures due to inherent undecid-ability 4]. Thus, unlike nite or timed automata, already line...

Hybrid automata have been introduced in both control engineering and computer science as a formal model for the dynamics of hybrid discrete-continuous systems. While computability issues concerning safety properties have been extensively studied, liveness properties have remained largely uninvestigated. In this article, we investigate de-cidability of state recurrence and of progress properties...

The use of formal methods, techniques and tools may generally guarantee a systems’ safe operation. Such a process includes system modeling with a mathematical model, which is an approximation of the physical system, and is used to make easier the next step of analysis. Formal analysis of hybrid systems, which involve mixed continuous-valued and discrete dynamics, is concerned with verifying whe...