Which terms do hydrographers use in their communication? ones they particularly often? And which exclusively exist because hydrography exists? With the methods of terminology science it is possible to systematically derive hydrography. In this paper, I describe how can be collected and concepts identified starting from German language, English equivalents assigned made available a database. Thi...

Compared to the complexity required measure other physical quantities, continuous monitoring globally of water levels, current directions, and velocities, as well measurement underwater topography, do not appear ambitious tasks for modern technologies. The challenges lie in sheer size area be measured, which makes up about 70% Earth’s total surface, its constant variability due natural processe...

The importance of automating feature generalization is increasing in conjunction with demands for updated data. Determining which features to represent at myriad scales is an important part of this process. The Principles of Selection, as proposed by Töpfer and Pillewizer in 1966, provide cartographers with an empirically based generalization rule. Also known as the Radical Law, the principles ...

[1] A prominent feature of the N. Atlantic’s Holocene climate is a series of centennial and millennial shifts in ocean surface hydrography (Bond et al., 2001; Oppo et al., 2003). Here, we compare a climate reconstruction from the Central Alps for the last 9,000 years derived from the oxygen isotope record in stalagmites with the percentage of hematite-stained-grains in N. Atlantic sediments, an...

Multi-representation databases (MRDBs) are used in several geographical information system applications for different purposes. MRDBs are mainly obtained through model and cartographic generalizations. Simplification is the essential operator of cartographic generalization, and streams and lakes are essential features in hydrography. In this study, a new algorithm was developed for the simplifi...

Aspects of hydrography and large-scale circulation observed in the Mediterranean Sea during the M84/3 and P414 cruises (April and June 2011, respectively) are presented. In contrast to most of the recent expeditions, which were limited to special areas of the basin, these two cruises, especially the M84/3, offered the opportunity of delineating a quasi-synoptic picture of the distribution of th...