Lincomycin (863 units per mg), acetylsalicylic (13, >98%), 3-aminobenzoic (15, 98%), 4-amino-2chlorobenzoic (22, 97%), 4-amino-2-hydroxybenzoic (26, 99%), benzoic (6, >97%), 2-chlorobenzoic (8, 98%), trans-cinnamic (44, 99%), 4-coumaric (43, 98%), 2,3-dichlorobenzoic (40, 97%), 2,5-dichlorobenzoic (36, 97%), 3,4-dichlorobenzoic (31, 99%), 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic (30, 97%), 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic (32...

Mushroom extracts or isolated compounds may be useful in the search of new potent antimicrobial agents. Herein, it is described the synthesis of protected (acetylated) glucuronide derivatives of p-hydroxybenzoic and cinnamic acids, two compounds identified in the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum. Their antimicrobial and demelanizing activities were evaluated and compared to the parent acids...

The influence of addition 2,4,6,8, and 10 microM of benzoic and cinnamic acids and selected phenolic acids (salicylic, p-hydroxybenzoic, gentisic, protocatechuic, vanillic, syringic, o-coumaric, p-coumaric, caffeic, ferulic, sinapic) on the activity of pancreatic lipase was examined in vitro. The strongest inhibition activities were observed with caffeic, ferulic and benzoic acid, while sinapic...

a new synthesis of a-hydroxycarboxylates and 2-hydroxybenzoates based on the reaction of acetonides of a-hydroxycarboxylic acids and 2-hydroxybenzoic acid with sodium alkoxides in the corresponding alcohols as solvent is described. in general, decreasing the steric hindrance of the reactants and increasing the boiling points of alcohols increased the yields and decreased the required time for t...

Analysis of phenolic compounds in sixteen Portuguese wild mushrooms species has been carried out by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to photodiode array detector and mass spectrometer (HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS). No flavonoids were detected in the analysed samples, but diverse phenolic acids namely protocatechuic, p-hydroxybenzoic and p-coumaric acids, and two vanillic acid isomers were fou...

A flow injection analysis (FIA) system was developed for the determination of phosphate efflux from wine lactic acid bacteria (Oenococus oeni and Lactobacillus hilgardii) as an indication of cell membrane damage. The system allowed the direct injection of the cell suspension, avoiding the filtration step, with minimum sample treatment and minimized reagent consumption. The developed system is c...

Wild blueberries (Vaccinium angustifolium Aiton.) are a rich source of dietary fiber and (poly)phenols with gastrointestinal immune health-promoting properties, however, their mechanisms action on the intestinal epithelial cells transient tissue macrophages remain to be elucidated. In this study, we evaluated individual effects anthocyanins, short-chain fatty acids (metabolites derived from fib...

Oxidative decarbyxylation of p-hydroxybenzoic acids in plant cell suspension cultures is catalyzed by peroxidases. This reaction has been characterized in vivo and in vitro. Decarboxylation of substituted benzoic acids yields monomeric, dimeric and oligomeric benzoquinones. All peroxidases obtained from soybean (Glycine max) cell suspension cultures by gel electrophoresis are equally capable to...

The effects of secondary metabolites produced by waterlogged soils on net K(+), H(+), and Ca(2+) fluxes were studied in the mature zone of roots of two barley (Hordeum vulgare) cultivars contrasting in their waterlogging (WL) tolerance using the noninvasive microelectrode ion flux measuring technique. In WL-sensitive variety 'Naso Nijo', all three lower monocarboxylic acids (formic, acetic, and...

The phenolic acid profile of honey depends greatly on its botanical and geographical origin. In this study, we carried out a quantitative analysis of phenolic acids in the ethyl acetate extract of 12 honeys collected from various regions in Greece. Our findings indicate that protocatechuic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, caffeic acid and p-coumaric acid are the major phenolic acids ...