Both experimental tests and numerical simulations have been performed in this study to analyze the influence of long-term immersion (over 500 days) on hygro-elastic hygro-viscoelastic behaviour epoxy resin samples. First, a diffusive swelling campaign was carried out with water at 25 °C 60 °C. Various also undertaken different stages ageing highlight quantify diffusion elastic viscoelastic prop...

this paper presents theoretical and numerical state-of-the-art information in the field of hygro-thermo-mechanical deformation simulation in structural concrete. the aspects discussed include coupled hygro-thermo-mechanical performance of porous materials including concrete, multi-scale simulation of concrete properties especially the volumetric and structural deformation performance, and the m...

Damage in oak wood museum objects under indoor climate variations (relative humidity, temperature) is studied using a thermo-hygro-mechanical model. The model incorporates the effects of moisture sorption hysteresis and discrete cracking, implemented within finite element framework staggered update procedure. Sorption experiments were performed order to calibrate basic features coupled formulat...

In fibrous paper materials, an exposure to a variation in moisture content causes changes the geometrical and mechanical properties. Such are strongly affected by inter-fibre bonds, which responsible for transfer of hygro-mechanical response from one fibre its neighbours network, resulting sheet-scale deformation. Most models developed literature assume perfect bonding between fibres. 3D realit...

Objective(s): Vaccination is one of the most effective means to protect humans and animals against brucellosis. Live attenuated Brucella vaccines are considered effective in animals but they may be potentially infectious to humans, so it is vital to improve the immunoprotective effects and safety of vaccines against Brucella. This study was designed to evaluate the immunogenicity of DNA vaccine...

Raw earth is emerging as a viable building material with lower carbon emissions than conventional concrete and fired bricks. an excellent passive hygro-thermal regulator, which improves occupants’ comfort while reducing the need for active heating/cooling installations. The coupled response of materials investigated by exploiting principles thermodynamics porous media unsaturated soil mechanics...

Retroviruses contain two complete viral genomic RNAs in each virion. A system to study in a single round of replication the products of virions with two different genomic RNAs was established. A spleen necrosis virus-based splicing vector containing both the neomycin-resistance gene (neo) and the hygromycin B phosphotransferase gene (hygro) was used. Two frameshift mutants were derived from thi...

The ability to enrich cells with targeted mutations greatly facilitates the process of using engineered nucleases, including zinc-finger nucleases and transcription activator-like effector nucleases, to construct such cells. We previously used surrogate reporters to enrich cells containing nuclease-induced mutations via flow cytometry. This method is, however, limited by the availability of flo...