Overnutrition is associated with chronic inflammation in metabolic tissues. Whether metabolic inflammation compromises the neural regulatory systems and therefore promotes overnutrition-associated diseases remains unexplored. Here we show that a mediator of metabolic inflammation, IKKbeta/NF-kappaB, normally remains inactive although enriched in hypothalamic neurons. Overnutrition atypically ac...

The problem of the participation vitamin D in pathogenesis various diseases has been attracted attention scientists recent years. Vitamin deficiency is regarded as a global that increases risk many chronic diseases. More recently, emphasis shifted to non-skeletal effects D. A lot literature suggests plays an important role regulation processes ovaries determine female fertility, reproductive po...

Although the existence of a link between neurodegenerative diseases and obesity has been suggested, a causal relation between neural degeneration and obesity has remained to be demonstrated experimentally. We recently showed that neurodegeneration in the hypothalamic satiety center results in obesity in mice transgenic for E4B (also known as UFD2a), a mammalian ubiquitin elongation factor (E4)....

The food intake and energy homeostasis are tightly regulated by neural, metabolic, environmental and endocrine signals. These signals are integrated at the hypothalamic level, which is considered as a key site in the control of food intake and energy homeostasis. The impairment of food intake control is one of the major causes contributing to the prevalence of obesity. Obesity and the associate...

hypothalamic hamartoma (hh) is a rare intracranial lesion that usually presents with classic triad of central precocious puberty, gelastic epilepsy, and developmental delay. herein, a 14-year old boy is presented in whom the diagnosis of hh was made by magnetic resonance imaging. while he did not have any complain of precocious puberty, he surprisingly suffered from delay in puberty. the defini...

Hypothalamic neuropeptides play essential roles in regulating energy and body weight balance. Energy imbalance and obesity have been linked to hypothalamic signaling defects in regulating neuropeptide genes; however, it is unknown whether dysregulation of neuropeptide exocytosis could be critically involved. This study discovered that synaptotagmin-4, an atypical modulator of synaptic exocytosi...

The hypothalamic-pituitary system is essential to maintain life and control systemic homeostasis, but it is negatively affected by various diseases, leading to serious symptoms. Embryonic stem (ES) cells differentiate into neuroectodermal progenitors when cultured as floating aggregates under serum-free conditions. Recently, our colleagues have shown that strict removal of exogenous patterning ...

the prevalence of mental health disorders continues to rise worldwide, such that it is estimated that 1in 4 individuals will be affected by a mental health disorder at some point in their lifetime. research has found that the most prevalent mental health disorders are depressive disorder. depression is a common condition, particularly within the aging population. the development of depression, ...

The anorexia-cachexia syndrome is a debilitating clinical condition characterizing the course of chronic diseases, which heavily impacts on patients' morbidity and quality of life, ultimately accelerating death. The pathogenesis is multifactorial and reflects the complexity and redundancy of the mechanisms controlling energy homeostasis under physiological conditions. Accumulating evidence indi...