Fahr's phenomenon is a rare neurological disorder characterized by calcifications of several structurers the human brain, including basal ganglia, dentate nuclei cerebellum, thalamus, and hippocampus. It may exist in an idiopathic form or it can be associated to calcium dysmetabolism due parathormone (PTH) defect signaling. Symptoms span from parkinsonism psychiatric syndromes, ataxia, convulsi...

UNLABELLED The authors present a Brazilian case series of eight patients with idiopathic very-late onset (mean 75.5 years old) cerebellar ataxia, featuring predominantly gait ataxia, associated with cerebellar atrophy. METHOD 26 adult patients with a diagnosis of idiopathic late onset cerebellar ataxia were analyzed in a Brazilian ataxia outpatient clinic and followed regularly over 20 years....

Dear Editor, The initial presentation of cerebellar ataxia remains a diagnostic challenge due to its multiple etiologies, one of which is paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD), a rare neurological disease. Although paraneoplastic antibody testing may be helpful, seronegative PCD may account for up to 50% of PCD cases.1 The causes of ataxia in the Asian population differ from that of the ...

This is a case of a 70-year-old man with severe peripheral neuropathy, type 2 diabetes and progressively worsening cerebellar ataxia. He was found to have circulating antigliadin and antireticulin antibodies compatible with celiac disease in the absence of intestinal pathology. The peripheral neuropathy improved with a gluten-free diet, antioxidants and intravenous immunoglobulin, whereas the a...

Abstract Background Regardless of the cause superficial siderosis (SS) disease, which is bleeding, source bleeding cannot be found in some cases. Case presentation In this article, we report two cases with idiopathic SS. 1 presented bilateral hearing loss, cognitive impairment, sleep disturbances, and tremors. 2 sensory neural ataxia, spastic paraparesis. both cases, brain MRI indicated evidenc...

A 56-year-old man complained about a 6-year-history of gait disturbance and bilateral tinnitus. His neurological family history was unremarkable. Physical examination disclosed gait ataxia, slowly horizontal saccadic pursuit and a 2Hz frequency palatal tremor. Neuroimaging unveiled inferior olivary complex hypertrophy bilaterally and mild cerebellar atrophy (Figure), highly suggestive of progre...

BACKGROUND Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been utilized to treat various symptoms in patients suffering from movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, dystonia, and essential tremor. Though ataxia syndromes have not been formally or frequently addressed with DBS, there are patients with ataxia and associated medication refractory tremor or dystonia who may potentially benefit from thera...

Objective Describe a case of probable Neuroinvasive West Nile Virus (WNV) disease presenting as opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia syndrome (OMS). Background Opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia is well described condition which thought to be often paraneoplastic or autoimmune etiology in adults. Specific pathogenic antibodies have yet identified most cases. It can also seen association with CNS infections, al...