normal. Investigations for syphilis were negative. Human immunodefi ciency virus (HIV) test was not available in view of insuffi cient sample. Stool examination revealed no conventional pathogens and absence of ova and parasites. A colonoscopy was done which revealed infl amed mucosal wall with patchy ulcers that started from the lower rectum up to the caecum. Biopsies taken from the rectum are...

9. Ross LA, Kim KS, Mason WH Jr, Gomperts E. Successful treatment of disseminated measles in a patient with acquired immunodefi ciency syndrome: consideration of antiviral and passive immunotherapy. Am J Med. 1990;88:313–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0002-9343(90) 90162-7 10. Forni AL, Schluger NW, Roberts RB. Severe measles pneumonitis in adults: evaluation of clinical characteristics and thera...

I n resource-limited settings, there is a high risk of mother-to-child-transmission (MTCT) of HIV-1. The rate of MTCT without specifi c intervention and with an extended time of breast-feeding is about 35%– 40% [1], a fi gure that results in the infection of about 750,000 children every year worldwide [2]. A single dose of nevirapine can reduce the rate of MTCT by 42%, but it selects for drug-r...

Dear Editor, Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is an immunoglobulin (Ig) A–mediated small vessel vasculitis that occurs uncommonly among adults and even more rarely in individuals infected with the human immunodefi ciency virus (HIV). There are overlapping clinical features between HIV-associated nephropathy, HSP and secondary IgA nephropathy. However the systemic associations of HSP are uncommon ...

Emerging Infectious Diseases • www.cdc.gov/eid • Vol. 13, No. 5, May 2007 801 We believe that patients with severe combined immunodefi ciency and any form of mild local changes at the BCG injection site should be given single or double anti-TB therapy, which should be continued until complete immunologic reconstitution occurs after bone marrow transplant. Severe local BCG infection with regiona...

Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of human immunodefi ciency virus (HIV) is a devastating consequence of HIV infection during pregnancy and is largely preventable. Evidence-based interventions such as universal antenatal screening, provision of antiretroviral therapy, delivery by elective caesarean section and avoidance of breastfeeding have ensured that the rates of MTCT remain low in Malays...

Answer: D A 35-year-old male newly diagnosed with human immunodefi ciency virus (HIV) infection (last negative test was 1.5 years ago) presented with an odd sensation on his tongue for a day without any dysgeusia. This was the fi rst time he had experienced this. He received treatment for presumed tinea infection over his palms and soles a month ago. On examination, shallow, slimy erosions were...

To the Editor—In a recent article, Jiang et al [1] showed that blood levels of bacterial DNA, as determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on 16S ribosomal DNA fragments, were significantly higher in human immunodefi-ciency virus (HIV)–infected patients than were those in uninfected control patients. Moreover, the level of bacterial DNA in the blood was shown to decrease after ...