A structural order parameter for disordered configurations is defined, based, not on local topologies, but the degree of restraint imposed each atom. This provides a clear distinction between strong liquid (SiO2) and fragile (a binary Lennard-Jones mixture) without reference to dynamics. Where exhibits an abrupt transition from unrestrained restrain below melting point, molten silica highly con...

The article by Dr. Michael S. Pollanen and colleagues in this issue (page 1603) on the unexpected death of young adults in association with restraint is the latest contribution to a discussion that began in the early 1980s on the risk of death associated with physical restraint. In health care institutions, the use of restraints for elderly patients is well recognized as a potentially dangerous...

We consider a Palatini variation on a general N -Dimensional second order, torsionfree dilaton gravity action and determine the resulting equations of motion. Consistency is checked by considering the restraint imposed due to invariance of the matter action under simple coordinate transformations, and the special case of N = 2 is examined. We also examine a sub-class of theories whereby a Palat...

Retrotransposons, mainly LINEs, SINEs, and endogenous retroviruses, make up roughly 40% of the mammalian genome and have played an important role in genome evolution. Their prevalence in genomes reflects a delicate balance between their further expansion and the restraint imposed by the host. In any human genome only a small number of LINE1s (L1s) are active, moving their own and SINE sequences...

background: the use of physical restraint as an intervention in the care of psychiatric patients dates back to the beginning of psychiatry. although it is a challenging question, it is still one of the common procedures in psychiatry. considering that very little research has been done in iran in relation to physical restraint, this qualitative study aimed to investigate the experiences of nurs...

worldwide, more than 185,000 children under 18 years die from road traffic accidents annually (each four minutes a child death occurred due to road crashes); with most casualties from developing countries. 95% of road traffic fatalities among children occur in developing countries. many more children are injured, often severely, and suffering from different disabilities. road accidents cause ex...

background and aim : about one-third of iranian children mortality is caused by injuries from which 36% occur due to road traffic injuries. using child restraint embedded in vehicles can reduce road traffic fatalities by 71% for neonates and 54% for children. based on its effectiveness in reduction of fatality and prevention of injury severity, child restraint usage mandatory law is a priority....

objective(s): epilepsy is a neurodevelopmental disorder which is strongly influenced by genetic and environmental factors. gestational stress has been shown to be an important factor for affecting seizure susceptibility. the present study was conducted to address whether gestational stress may affect pentylentetrazol (ptz)-induced epileptic behavior in rat offspring in a sex- and age- dependent...

the presentation will focus on the key areas that are essential to build a comprehensive policy towards reducing child injury and fatalities. the presentation will focus on the importance of the public awareness (education on the use of child restraint systems), the need to have an overall road safety programme, law enforcement (mandatory use of protection systems for children in car) and final...

children under 3 years of age must not travel in a car or goods vehicle (other than a taxi) unless restrained in the correct child seat. children aged 3 years or over who are under 150 cm in height and weighing less than 36 kilograms must use the correct child seat, booster seat or booster cushion. rearward-facing child car seats must never be used in the front passenger seat of cars with an ac...