where the subscript l denotes the angular momentum. As is well know, there is degeneracy of states for the magnetic quantum number due to the spherical symmetry. Usually, this degeneracy is not explicitly expressed in the statement of Levinson’s theorem. In (1) the phase shifts are determined by comparing them with the phase shift at high energy in order to remove their indetermination of a mul...

Turbo-codes are error-correcting codes used in powerful digital transmission systems to ensure a low binary error rate. This paper presents different approaches aimed at recovering a convolutional encoder in a noncooperative context; it also explains the residual indetermination due to “equivalent” coders. Moreover, it reports on a new approach developed to recover the interleaved version of th...

In this paper we analyze different techniques to blindly recover the parameters of turbo-code encoders with only the knowledge of noisy eavesdropped binary stream. We compare different strategies to reconstruct convolutional encoders, particularly when both are recursive systematic coders. We explain the intrinsic indetermination due to these techniques but also how to overcome such an issue in...

It is generally considered that there exists in quantum radiation theory an indetermination in the separation of the respective effects of vacuum fluctuations and radiation reaction. We show in this paper that such an indetermination can be removed by imposing to the corresponding rates of variation to be Hermitian (this is necessary if we want them to have a physical meaning). Such a procedure...

The quantum Zeno effect of a single system is the effect of a series of measurements on the unitary time evolution of the system and on the ability to monitor this time evolution using the measurement results. This effect is shown to be equivalent to that of the indetermination of the quantum state of a single system @Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 4106 ~1995!#, in which one considers the statistics of t...

This work presents a generalization of the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) demodulation approach that is renamed as Quadrature Component Analysis. We show a new and general mathematical analysis of this demodulation algorithm and we demonstrate that this method is not affected by the number of fringes limitation. Additionally, we show that any asynchronous phase-shifting demodulation method ...

We propose a simple scheme to solve the tilt indetermination problem in adaptive optics compensation with laser guide stars. This technique, providing tomographic turbulence analysis works, increases the area into which a tip-tilt guide star has to be found by approximately two orders of magnitude, boosting the sky coverage close to 100% at visible wavelengths. In addition, the proposed scheme ...

We discuss electromagnetic currents in the point-form formulation of relativistic quantum mechanics. The construction is along a spectator model and implies that only one quark is explicitly coupled to the photon, but nevertheless many-body contributions are present in the current operator. Such effects are unavoidable in relativistic constructions and resulting ambiguities are notably reduced ...

This paper proposes a new approach for computing the capture basin C of a target T. The capture basin corresponds to the set of initial state vectors such that the target could be reached in finite time via an appropriate control input, before possibly leaving the target. Whereas classical capture basin characterization do not provide any guarantee on the set of state vectors that belong to the...