The opiate antagonist naloxone precipitates withdrawal when given either 15 minutes after or 1 minute before a single injection of morphine in drug-naïve mice. We propose that withdrawal signs arise from a synergistic mixture of excitatory influences that are direct (agonistic action on nonspecific opiate receptors) and indirect (sensory and affective disorders, stress, hormonal and neurotransm...

background: monitoring of post-operative pain is one of the most important problems for patient and surgeon. using a method with minimal pain and disability is desirable for both sides. this study aimed to compare analgesic effects of subcutaneous and subfascial administration of marcaine in inguinal hernia surgery. methods: in a double blind randomized controlled trial, 128 cases of unilateral...

Lymphoedema is a life-long disease which may be improved but not healed by our therapy. Therefore it seems to be desirable to ascertain the clinical suspicion of lymphoedema or to rule out this diagnosis at least once in the life of a patient suffering from chronic swelling of the extremities. The most appropriate methods for that purpose are lymphoscintigraphy and indirect lymphography. Radion...

The mu-opioid agonist, DAGO, and the indirect GABAA antagonist, picrotoxin, produced a dose-dependent increase in horizontal motor activity following injection into the nucleus accumbens that was independent of dopamine release. Injection of muscimol into the ventral pallidum antagonizes the motor stimulant effect of dopamine agonists. It was shown that muscimol abolished the locomotor stimulan...

Spin injection and detection in silicon is a difficult problem, in part because the weak spin-orbit coupling and indirect gap preclude using standard optical techniques. Two ways to overcome this difficulty are proposed, both based on spin-polarized transport across a heterojunction. Using a realistic transport model incorporating the relevant spin dynamics of both electrons and holes, it is ar...

Neonatal injection of mice with rabbit anti-micro antiserum has been shown to produce complete loss of direct and indirect plaque-forming responses to sheep erythrocytes as well as loss of serum IgM and severe depressions of all other serum immunoglobulins. Similar injection of anti-gamma1gamma2 or anti-gamma1 antibodies effects a loss of the indirect response but induces relatively minor alter...