The first sentence of last paragraph, column 1, page 61 should read: “In the 2004 United Kingdom Infantile Spasms study, spasm freedom was achieved in 70% children taking high dose oral prednisolone (40–60 mg/day) and 76% ACTH (40 IU/alternate day) [21]” instead mg/kg/day) [21].”

OBJECTIVE The present study was done in order to obtain a baseline profile of infantile spasms and associated neurological disorders. PATIENT AND METHODS The study included 50 patients with infantile spasm in Queen Rania Hospital for children in Jordan. The following data were obtained: sex, age at onset of spasms, details of seizure, family history of epilepsy, significant pre-/peri/ post-na...

OBJECTIVE To compare the effectiveness of 2 novel antiepileptic drugs, topiramate and levetiracetam, as a second line treatment for infantile spasm when oral steroids fail. METHODS Forty infants under 2 years with clinically- and EEG-proven infantile spasms that did not respond to prednisone (2mg/kg/day in 2 divided doses) were recruited and randomized into 2 groups. They were randomly assign...

This prospective, open label, uncontrolled study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of the modified Atkins diet in children with refractory infantile spasms. Fifteen consecutive children aged six months to three years having daily infantile spasms in clusters with electroencephalographic evidence of hypsarrhythmia despite treatment with hormonal treatment (oral corticostero...

PURPOSE ACTH is currently the standard first-line therapy for new-onset infantile spasms, but it has significant side effects. We hypothesized the ketogenic diet (KD), previously reported as beneficial for intractable infantile spasms, would have similar efficacy, but better tolerability than ACTH when used first-line. METHODS We conducted a retrospective chart review of all infants started o...

OBJECTIVE Infantile spasm (IS) is a convulsive disease characterized by brief, symmetric axial muscle contraction (neck, trunk, and/or extremities). IS is a type of seizure that was first described by West in 1841, who witnessed the seizure in his own son. West's syndrome refers to the classic triad of spasms, characteristic EEG, and neurodevelopmental regression. Most cases involve flexors and...

Infantile spasms is an age-specific epileptic syndrome associated with poor developmental outcomes and poor response to nearly all traditional antiepileptic drugs except adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). We investigated the protective mechanism of ACTH against brain damage. An infantile spasm rat model induced by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) in neonate rats was used. Pregnant rats were randoml...